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arjunbt
Joined: 13 Jul 2011
Last visit: 27 Jul 2014
Posts: 68
Given Kudos: 42
Concentration: Operations, Strategy
Schools: Krannert '15 (WL) W.P. Carey (A)
GMAT 1: 680 Q46 V37
WE:Engineering (Telecommunications)
13 Feb 2012, 23:05
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Below is an extract from NYTimes, and i have small doubt on usage of "which" in the extract.
" The recent research details how disruption breeds disruption. This research includes the thousands of studies on attachment theory, which show that children who can’t form secure attachments by 18 months face a much worse set of chances for the rest of their lives because they find it harder to build stable relationships.
It includes the diverse work on self-control by Walter Mischel, Angela Duckworth, Roy Baumeister and others, which shows, among other things, that people raised in disrupted circumstances find it harder to control their impulses throughout their lives. "
There are two "which" used in the above paragraph.
First one refers to the "attachment theory" and I am not sure about the second "which" is it referring to "Diverse work" or "The Recent Research" ???
As given in MGMAT SC "Which" should refer back to the immediate noun before the comma.
Experts plz help me out !
Thanks
" The recent research details how disruption breeds disruption. This research includes the thousands of studies on attachment theory, which show that children who can’t form secure attachments by 18 months face a much worse set of chances for the rest of their lives because they find it harder to build stable relationships.
It includes the diverse work on self-control by Walter Mischel, Angela Duckworth, Roy Baumeister and others, which shows, among other things, that people raised in disrupted circumstances find it harder to control their impulses throughout their lives. "
There are two "which" used in the above paragraph.
First one refers to the "attachment theory" and I am not sure about the second "which" is it referring to "Diverse work" or "The Recent Research" ???
As given in MGMAT SC "Which" should refer back to the immediate noun before the comma.
Experts plz help me out !
Thanks
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Updated on: 14 Feb 2012, 00:57
Originally posted by rajeevrks27 on 13 Feb 2012, 23:50.
Last edited by rajeevrks27 on 14 Feb 2012, 00:57, edited 1 time in total.
Last edited by rajeevrks27 on 14 Feb 2012, 00:57, edited 1 time in total.
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arjunbt
the which in the above mentioned sentence is referring to "the diverse work on self control"
though which generally refers to the noun immediately preceding it, however, it may refer to the subject(even if the subject is not immediately preceding it) if that makes sense..in this sentence, the nouns immediately preceding "which" are Walter Mischel, Angela Duckworth, Roy Baumeister and others..now they are plural and also living being ...thus which shows(singular verb) can't logically refer to them....though the governing rule says which must refer to noun immediately preceding it, however,the above sentence is an exception on logical grounds and thus correct ( the logic also plays an important role)...the use of which is completely unambiguous here...
further, the discussion on one of the gmatprep problem will throw more light on this exception.
https://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/post24246.html
hope it helps.
regards
14 Feb 2012, 00:20
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Nice explanation by Rajeev.
+1 kudos
Crick
+1 kudos
Crick
