Bunuel
Which of the following most logically completes the passage?
Both silvicultural clearcutting and commercial clearcutting involve removing a high percentage of trees from a forested area. Silvicultural clearcutting involves removing nearly every tree from the area in order to create an environment suitable for a species to regenerate after the trees are removed. However, commercial clearcutting is usually not as extensive, because.
(A) removing all the trees from an area does not always create an environment in which a species can regenerate.
(B) other forested areas are subject to the silvicultural method, ensuring that species will regenerate in other locations.
(C) commercial clearcutting typically takes place in much larger areas, and is more common in developing countries.
(D) forested areas that are commercially clearcut are not home to species that are as environmentally important as those in areas that are silviculturally clearcut.
(E) the goal of commercial clearcutting is to remove only commercially valuable trees, and not every tree fits that description.
OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
E
If you know the word "silvicultural", you'll find this question easier than if you don't, but the question is designed to be handled by someone who has never
seen the word before. The passage sets up a contrast between "silvicultural" and "commercial", so it's a safe bet that "silvicultural" means something like
the opposite of commercial. In this context, "for environmental purposes" is a workable definition.
We're looking for the answer choice that gives us a good reason why commercial clearcutting is not as extensive (not "removing nearly every tree") even though silvicultural (say, "environmentally friendly") clearcutting is. (A) doesn't follow through with the contrast between silvicultural and commercial - it makes it sound like commercial clearcutting is another type of environmental approach.
Choice (B) is an irrelevant comparison: The passage focuses on these two methods in a vacuum, not how the methods might work together, with each used in separate locations. (C) has two irrelevant comparisons: the area of the forest and the type of country is completely foreign to the concepts mentioned
in the passage. Choice (D) assumes that commercial clearcutting is not environmentally friendly, and suggests why it doesn't have to be. It doesn't explicitly detail why commercial clearcutting isn't as extensive, though. Instead, it focuses on why environmental concerns might not always be foremost. Choice (E) is, finally, our correct answer. To rephrase, it says, "the goal of commercial clearcutting is different from that of environmentally-friendly methods, which leads to less extensive cutting". In other words, it explains the contrast between the two methods, which is what the sentence naturally led toward.