I believe the correct answer is C
A. computer was able to compute a ballistics trajectory in about 30 seconds,
and it was
--> This clause should serve as a modifier, but here contains the action.
--> "and" should not be used. We're adding to the previous clause
--> "it" refers to what?
B. computer,
which was able to compute a ballistics trajectory in about 30 seconds, was
--> "which" is not needed
--> "was" has a wrong subject
C. computer, was able to compute ballistics trajectory in about 30 seconds,
--> correct IMO
D. computer was able to compute a ballistics trajectory in about 30 seconds,
being--> Same as A)1
--> "Being" is wrong.
E. computer,
and was to compute ballistics trajectory in about 30 seconds,
and was --> "and was" is wrong, because we haven't finished a clause yet.
--> second "and was" wrong also for above-cited reasons.