I am unentirely unfamiliar with these US schools offering January intake - the one elite MBA that does. Are you speaking to MBA programs? Can you please send over some links?
Bharath2809
What are some top universities in USA that offer Spring Admission 2024?
Is it dependent on FALL 2023 intake strength?
Does all universities offer Spring Admission in 2024?
If you are looking for MBA program, top universities such as Harvard, Stanford, Wharton, MIT Sloan, Columbia Business School, Kellogg, Chicago Booth, Duke (Fuqua), University of Michigan (Ross), NYU Stern offer admission in spring intake. Apart from these elite schools, following list of schools also have spring intake:
Marshall School of Business
McCombs School of Business
Goizueta Business School
Simon Business School
Northeastern University
You can also find a few others on Google.
To answer your 2nd question, generally the intake strength of spring does not depend on the intake strength of fall as these schools have a specified strength for each intake. However, it is better to check for your target B-schools regarding the same.
Hope this helps.