Comparable worth is a concept that rejects the premise of a

Comparable worth is a concept that rejects the premise of a separate and lower wage hierarchy for jobs that are done primarily by women, arguing instead that earnings should reflect only the worth of the work performed. This worth should be determined by an evaluation system that rates jobs according to their social importance and skill requirements. Because comparable worth does not attack all forms of inequality, it can have only a modest direct effect on the overall degree of inequality in society, but in attacking gender inequality in the job classification system it attacks a major component of gender inequality in the United States. The likelihood that other forms of inequality will become more manifest with the lessening of gender inequality is not a valid argument against comparable worth. Indeed, struggles for comparable worth may help launch campaigns against similar forms of inequity. Still, while conservatives have battled hard against comparable worth, radicals have been reluctant to fight for it because they see the narrow presentations in comparable worth litigation as the limits of the concept. But in addition to helping redress particular inequities, comparable worth could open a discussion of the entire wage system. Its theoretical and political impact will reach far beyond the framework in which it was conceived and force a rethinking of assumptions underlying current employment practices and the market itself.
How comparable worth will affect the hierarchy of wages is more difficult to foresee. It does not directly challenge the concept of a hierarchy; in fact, its insistence that jobs must be evaluated implies a hierarchy. However, its rejection of the market as an adequate basis for determining wages initiates a discussion of how value should be assigned to jobs. Advocates of comparable worth have challenged prevailing standards of evaluation, which them from formal job ovalions first developed in industrial settings. These evaluations, based on points awarded for different job tasks, gave considerable emphasis to such activities as strenuous lifting and the operation of expensive equipment. Consequently, the skills and knowledge more typical of work done by women are less heavily emphasized. The `Dictionary of Occupational Titles’ reveals numerous current instances of such imbalance in job ratings.
While comparable-worth advocates accept the principle of a hierarchy of wages, arguing only that they seek more objective measures of job worth, the issues they raise provoke a broader debate. This debate does not, as the opponents have claimed, concern the feasibility of setting up and applying evaluative standards. Employers have done that for centuries. Rather, the debate is about the social values and priorities underlying the wage hierarchy and, ultimately, the market where age-old conventions and political, as opposed to purely economic, forces enter the process of setting wages



3. In the first paragraph of the passage, the author describes the potential role and function of comparable worth in language that most often suggests

A artistic endeavors
B military operations
C business transactions
D criminal investigations
E scientific experiments



5. As used by the author in line 2 of the last paragraph, "more objective" most nearly means

A more quantifiable
B more seminal
C less categorical
D less job-specific
E less sex-biased



6. Which of the following best represents the sort of question at issue in the "broader debate" referred to in line 48 above?

A What gains have been achieved in the struggle for comparable-worth
legislation?
B Will a new standard for job evaluation be any more workable than the
current one?
C What political factors have affected the relationship between wages and
job-evaluation ratings?
D How will the balance of supply and demand be affected by comparable
worth?
E How soon is it reasonable to expect the passage of stronger comparable-
worth legislation?

7. According to the passage, which of the following is the most likely application of the notion of comparable worth?

A The detailed explanation of the various forces that guide the market
B The formulation of attitudes about the role of supply and demand in setting
wages
C The establishment of a political coalition in the struggle against inequity
D The reassessment of job characteristics as a means for determining just
compensation
E The integration of the industrial work force into the job market for a service
and technology economy




8. It can be inferred from the passage that radicals have not supported comparable worth because they view it as being

A too limited and restricted in its uses to promote fundamental changes in the
system
B unrelated to historic developments that have molded the current economic
system
C an integral part of the same system that has institutionalized various forms
of inequity
D likely to undermine the unity of a reform move-men by polarizing the
different interest groups
E inherently flawed in that it has given rise to the concept of a wage
hierarchy


9. The author’s primary purpose in the passage is to

A criticize inconsistent experiments
B suggest a new direction for research
C present evidence supporting a theory
D describe an intriguing geophysical phenomenon
E evaluate data relating to lunar geology










3B 5.E 6C 7D 8A 9C
My brain stopped to work . I dont know, i find this as Hard Passage. Any one can help to explain the answers.