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02 Oct 2022, 09:11
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Rickooreo
Your analysis is correct; you have identified why the (A) version is incorrect.
02 Oct 2022, 11:19
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Rickooreo
That modifier is not correctly used.
As you wrote yourself, that modifier (comma + outnumberING...) is adverbial, and thus needs to modify the whole action of the preceding clause.
The preceding clause, however, tells us only about the time period over which Emily Dickinson wrote the letters. That clause tells us nothing at all about the quantity or frequency of the letters—or about the quantity or frequency of E.D.'s letters to anybody else (also necessary to substantiate the comparison in the modifier). There is no meaningful relationship at all between the content of the modifier and the content of the clause.
07 Oct 2022, 15:43
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tusharrgarg93
Remember, when an -ING modifier follows a full clause and a comma, the modifier is describing the entire previous clause or giving us insight into the main verb of that clause. It's not just describing the subject of the clause.
In (A), that interpretation doesn't really work. Take another look at the initial clause:
Quote:
So we're getting information about when the letters were written. But the modifier beginning with "outnumbering" is about where most of the letters went. That doesn't make sense.
Put another way, the fact that the letters were written during a certain period in the 19th century doesn't explain why they mostly went to Susan Huntington Dickinson, does it? Rather, those feel like two distinct pieces of information: 1) she wrote during a certain period and 2) she wrote mostly to Susan Dickinson. One doesn't explain or describe the other.
The construction in (E) makes more sense. One modifier describes the letters letters themselves. And the other is a verb phrase giving us additional, but unrelated info. Totally logical!
So while (A) isn't definitively wrong, it's a less logical construction than (E). Tricky.
I hope that helps!
