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Eventually actualizing economic sanctions, financial investments were

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Bunuel
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Eventually actualizing economic sanctions, financial investments were [#permalink] New post   09 Jul 2021, 02:30
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Eventually actualizing economic sanctions, financial investments were withdrawn by the United States, and it was demanded that the South African government dismantle the Apartheid system.


A. financial investments were withdrawn by the United States, and it was demanded that the South African government dismantle

B. the United States withdrew financial investments, and demanded that the South African government dismantles

C. the United States withdrew its financial investments, and demanded that the South African government will dismantle

D. the United States withdrew financial investments, and demanded that the South African government dismantle

E. the United States withdrew financial investments, and demanded that the South African government had to dismantle
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Bunuel
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Re: Eventually actualizing economic sanctions, financial investments were [#permalink] New post   11 Jul 2021, 02:15
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION



Eventually actualizing economic sanctions, financial investments were withdrawn by the United States, and it was demanded that the South African government dismantle the Apartheid system.


A. financial investments were withdrawn by the United States, and it was demanded that the South African government dismantle

The original sentence begins with a modifier: Eventually installing economic sanctions. A modifier should be placed right next to the noun it describes. The only noun that this modifier can logically modify is the United States since a financial investment cannot install economic sanctions. The noun United States, however, is quite far from the modifier that describes it.

What helps us identify this question as a Dangling Modifier question as well as identify the mistake is the following Stop Sign:

    A modifier, characterized by all of the following:
    1. Verb+ing or Verb in 3rd form
    2. Separated from the rest of the sentence by a comma
    3. Appears at the very beginning of the sentence

Whenever you see this Stop Sign, focus on the modifier: check whether the noun right after the modifier is indeed the noun that the modifier describes. If it isn't - you've found your mistake.


B. the United States withdrew financial investments, and demanded that the South African government dismantles

Although this answer choice corrects the original Dangling Modifier error by placing the noun being modified directly after the modifier, it is grammatically incorrect. Demand is one of the nine verbs to which the Subjunctive rule applies (if it is followed by that). This means that the next verb after demanded that should be in base form. However, dismantles is not in base form.

What helps us identify this question as a Subjunctive question as well as identify the mistake is the following Stop Sign: propose/recommend/require/request/insist/suggest/mandate/ask/demand that

Whenever you come across this Stop Sign, make sure that the following verb is in its base form.


C. the United States withdrew its financial investments, and demanded that the South African government will dismantle

Although this answer choice corrects the original Dangling Modifier error by placing the noun being modified directly after the modifier, it is grammatically incorrect. Demand is one of the nine verbs to which the Subjunctive rule applies (if it is followed by that). This means that the next verb after demanded that should be in base form. However, will dismantle is not in base form.

What helps us identify this question as a Subjunctive question as well as identify the mistake is the following Stop Sign: propose/recommend/require/request/insist/suggest/mandate/ask/demand that

Whenever you come across this Stop Sign, make sure that the following verb is in its base form.


D. the United States withdrew financial investments, and demanded that the South African government dismantle

This answer choice corrects the original Dangling Modifier error by placing the noun being modified directly after the modifier. In addition to this, demand is one of the nine verbs to which the Subjunctive rule applies (if it is followed by that). Therefore, this answer choice correctly puts the next verb after demanded that in base form (dismantle).


E. the United States withdrew financial investments, and demanded that the South African government had to dismantle

Although this answer choice corrects the original Dangling Modifier error by placing the noun being modified directly after the modifier, it is grammatically incorrect. Demand is one of the nine verbs to which the Subjunctive rule applies (if it is followed by that). This means that the next verb after demanded that should be in base form. However, had to dismantle is not in base form.

What helps us identify this question as a Subjunctive question as well as identify the mistake is the following Stop Sign: propose/recommend/require/request/insist/suggest/mandate/ask/demand that

Whenever you come across this Stop Sign, make sure that the following verb is in its base form.
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Eventually actualizing economic sanctions, financial investments were [#permalink] New post   Updated on: 15 Jul 2021, 10:43
Use of 'demand' requires subjunctive, such as 'to dismantle'. The action (dismantle) should be in the base form.
So, option D is the correct choice.

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Originally posted by Harshii on 09 Jul 2021, 05:10.
Last edited by Harshii on 15 Jul 2021, 10:43, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Eventually actualizing economic sanctions, financial investments were [#permalink] New post   09 Jul 2021, 05:28
IMO D as demand/command etc type commanding words require the subjuntive eg. "To dismantle", which is the decision point

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Re: Eventually actualizing economic sanctions, financial investments were [#permalink] New post   09 Jul 2021, 05:49
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The answer must be D, because "demanded" in this context requires the subjunctive, and only D correctly uses the subjunctive.

But I can't imagine anyone would ever write "Eventually actualizing economic sanctions", unless they were trying to make their meaning as obscure as possible. That's just jargon. The GMAT would never include a phrase like that unless it was in a wrong answer choice (and even then, I'd be very surprised to see it).
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Re: Eventually actualizing economic sanctions, financial investments were [#permalink]
09 Jul 2021, 05:49
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