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Official Explanation

3. With which of the following statements would the scientists mentioned in the third paragraph most likely agree?

Difficulty Level: 700

Analyze the Question Stem:

The words “most likely agree” signal that this is an Inference question. Inference questions ask for the answer choice that must be true given what is stated in the passage.

Research the Relevant Text:

The question asks for what the scientists in the third paragraph would agree with, so look at the passage map to determine their point of view. They think that caffeine has benefits and that the supposed drawbacks cited by other scientists aren't that bad. Since this is an open-ended question, further research may be needed based on the choices.

Make a Prediction:

The right answer can't be specifically predicted, but keep these scientists' point of view in mind when evaluating the choices.

Evaluate the Answer Choices:

(A) is the correct answer; the scientists in the third passage believe that drinking extra milk can offset the calcium loss caused by caffeine.

(B) and (C) are both extreme statements. These scientists believe that most ill effects of caffeine are minimal, but that doesn't mean that all caffeine users are safe from heart disease or that there are no ill effects.

(D) may be tempting, since, according to these scientists,caffeine can increase alertness and reduce fatigue. However, there's no support for the fact that this would happen "immediately" or that that a caffeine user would be more alert than anyone who hadn't had caffeine.

The scientists mentioned in the third paragraph do not address the cancer causing or fighting properties of caffeine, so (E) is unsupported.

Answer: A

TAKEAWAY: Avoid extreme statements in Inference questions, unless there is extreme support in the passage.

ritik1998
Can the answer to 3rd question be C ??
As the paragraph clearly mentions - " most of the purported ill effects are minimal"
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sajjad but doesn't A also seem extreme "People who drink ... will not suffer from..." there could be few users who might drink coffee and milk and still suffer from osteoporosis?
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aish7
sajjad but doesn't A also seem extreme "People who drink ... will not suffer from..." there could be few users who might drink coffee and milk and still suffer from osteoporosis?

Remember: (A) said EXTRA glass of milk but NORMAL amount of caffeine. Hence (A) is correct.
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Sajjad1994
aish7
sajjad but doesn't A also seem extreme "People who drink ... will not suffer from..." there could be few users who might drink coffee and milk and still suffer from osteoporosis?

Remember: (A) said EXTRA glass of milk but NORMAL amount of caffeine. Hence (A) is correct.

I believe option (A) would have been irrefutably correct had it been phrased like this :

A. People who drink an extra glass of milk each day and consume a normal amount of caffeine will not suffer from increased rates of osteoporosis in comparison to those people who take normal amount of caffeine without the extra glass of milk.

and (C) by no means seem extreme to me.
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