The next set of PS questions. I'll post OA's with detailed explanations after some discussion. Please, post your solutions along with the answers.

1. The length of the diagonal of square S, as well as the lengths of the diagonals of rhombus R are integers. The ratio of the lengths of the diagonals is 15:11:9, respectively. Which of the following could be the difference between the area of square S and the area of rhombus R?

I. 63
II. 126
III. 252

A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I and III only
E. I, II and III

Solution: fresh-meat-151046-80.html#p1215318


2. Set S contains 7 different letters. How many subsets of set S, including an empty set, contain at most 3 letters?

A. 29
B. 56
C. 57
D. 63
E. 64

Solution: fresh-meat-151046-100.html#p1215323

3. How many different subsets of the set {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} do not contain 0?

A. 16
B. 27
C. 31
D. 32
E. 64

Solution: fresh-meat-151046-100.html#p1215329


4. The functions f and g are defined for all the positive integers n by the following rule: f(n) is the number of positive perfect squares less than n and g(n) is the number of primes numbers less than n. If f(x) + g(x) = 16, then x is in the range:

A. 30 < x < 36
B. 30 < x < 37
C. 31 < x < 37
D. 31 < x < 38
E. 32 < x < 38

Solution: fresh-meat-151046-100.html#p1215335


5. Which of the following is a factor of 18!+1?

A. 15
B. 17
C. 19
D. 33
E. 39

Solution: fresh-meat-151046-100.html#p1215338


6. If the least common multiple of a positive integer x, 4^3 and 6^5 is 6^6. Then x can take how many values?

A. 1
B. 6
C. 7
D. 30
E. 36

Solution: fresh-meat-151046-100.html#p1215345


7. The greatest common divisor of two positive integers is 25. If the sum of the integers is 350, then how many such pairs are possible?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5

Solution: fresh-meat-151046-100.html#p1215349


8. The product of a positive integer x and 377,910 is divisible by 3,300, then the least value of x is:

A. 10
B. 11
C. 55
D. 110
E. 330

Solution: fresh-meat-151046-100.html#p1215359


9. What is the 101st digit after the decimal point in the decimal representation of 1/3 + 1/9 + 1/27 + 1/37?

A. 0
B. 1
C. 5
D. 7
E. 8

Solution: fresh-meat-151046-100.html#p1215367


10. If x is not equal to 0 and x^y=1, then which of the following must be true?

I. x=1
II. x=1 and y=0
III. x=1 or y=0

A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I and III only
E. None

Solution: fresh-meat-151046-100.html#p1215370


Kudos points for each correct solution!!!
_________________

1. The length of the diagonal of square S, as well as the lengths of the diagonals of rhombus R are integers. The ratio of the lengths of the diagonals is 15:11:9, respectively. Which of the following could be the difference between the area of square S and the area of rhombus R?

I. 63
II. 126
III. 252


Side square = 15x \(AreaS = \frac{15^2}{2}x^2\)
Diagonals= 9x, 11x\(AreaR = \frac{11*9*x^2}{2}\)
Difference = \(\frac{15^2x^2-11*9x^2}{2}= \frac{126x^2}{2}= 63x^2\)
\(63=3*3*7\)
if x=1 diff = 63 possible and easy to see
\(126=2*3*3*7\) x sould be \(\sqrt{2}\) => no integer
\(252=2*2*3*3*7\) x=2 possible

IMO D. I and III only

3. How many different subsets of the set {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} do not contain 0?

It's like asking how many subsets has {1,2,3,4,5}
\(2^5=32\)

IMO D. 32

4. The functions f and g are defined for all the positive integers n by the following rule: f(n) is the number of perfect squares less than n and g(n) is the number of primes numbers less than n. If f(x) + g(x) = 16, then x is in the range:

A. 30 < x < 36
B. 30 < x < 37
C. 31 < x < 37
D. 31 < x < 38
E. 32 < x < 38

The no of primes less than 30 = 10 primes. Also,the number of perfect squares less than 30 = 1,4,9,16,25 = 5. Thus, for 31<x<37, the total sum is 16.

C.
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7. The greatest common divisor of two positive integers is 25. If the sum of the integers is 350, then how many such pairs are possible?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5

The two numbers can be represented as 25a and 25b, where a and b are co-prime.Also, 25(a+b) = 350 --> (a+b) = 14
Thus, a=1,b=13 or a=3,b=11 or a=9,b=5.

C.
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8. The product of a positive integer x and 377,910 is divisible by 3,300, then the least value of x is:

A. 10
B. 11
C. 55
D. 110
E. 330

We know that 377910 is not divisible by 11. Also, 3300 = 3*11*5^2*2^2. Now, as 377910 is divisible by 30, we are left with 11,5,2.Thus, the least value of x = 11*5*2 = 110.

D.
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8. The product of a positive integer x and 377,910 is divisible by 3,300, then the least value of x is:

\(3,300=3*11*2*5*2*5\)
\(377,910=37791*2*5\)
\(377,910*x/3300=\frac{37791*2*5*x}{3*11*2*5*2*5}\) Now x must contain 2*5, because 37791 is divisible by 3 x must not contain a 3, because 37791 is not divisible by 11 x must have it.
\(x=2*5*11=110\)

IMO D. 110

10. If x is not equal to 0 and x^y=1, then which of the following must be true?

I. x=1 False \(100^0=1\)
II. x=1 and y=0 False \(2^0=1\)
III. x=1 or y=0 True
Infact there are two cases: every number with a 0 exponent equals 1, and 1 raised to any exp equals 1.

IMO C. III only

9. What is the 101st digit after the decimal point in the decimal representation of 1/3 + 1/9 + 1/27 + 1/37?

1/3=0.333
1/9=0.333/3=0.111
1/27=0.037 and then repeats
1/37=0.027 and then repeats
We can work on the first 3 digits: 0.111+0.333+0.027+0.037=0.508
After the 0 we have at first place a 5, second a 0, third an 8; and so on 4th=5, 5th=0, 6th=8. Every 10th position we have a "change" 10th=5 20th=0 30th=8 and so on
100th=5 and finally 101st=0

IMO A.0

Thanks for the set Bunuel!

Q2.

# Empty Set = 1
# Sets with 1 element = 7C1 = 7
# Sets with 2 elements = 7C2 = 21
# Sets with 3 elements = 7C3 = 35

# Subsets containing at most 3 letters = 1 + 7 + 21 + 35 = 64
Ans E