Last visit was: 21 Apr 2026, 19:08 It is currently 21 Apr 2026, 19:08
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
User avatar
Bunuel
User avatar
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Last visit: 21 Apr 2026
Posts: 109,728
Own Kudos:
810,475
 [4]
Given Kudos: 105,800
Products:
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 109,728
Kudos: 810,475
 [4]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
3
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
Harsh9676
Joined: 18 Sep 2018
Last visit: 27 Feb 2023
Posts: 239
Own Kudos:
228
 [1]
Given Kudos: 322
Location: India
Concentration: Finance, International Business
GMAT 1: 690 Q49 V36
GPA: 3.72
WE:Investment Banking (Finance: Investment Banking)
Products:
GMAT 1: 690 Q49 V36
Posts: 239
Kudos: 228
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
JatinR
Joined: 28 Apr 2016
Last visit: 22 Feb 2020
Posts: 9
Own Kudos:
4
 [2]
Given Kudos: 42
GPA: 3.5
WE:Information Technology (Computer Software)
Posts: 9
Kudos: 4
 [2]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
ahabib
Joined: 12 Dec 2018
Last visit: 27 May 2020
Posts: 99
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 101
Location: Canada
GMAT 1: 720 Q48 V41
GMAT 1: 720 Q48 V41
Posts: 99
Kudos: 133
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Can someone explain exactly how ", and" works ?

My understanding was that ", and" connects independent clauses, however in this case it's used for parallelism.

Does that mean ", and" (as in choice D) can be used for BOTH

1)parallelism

&

2)join independent clauses

Thank you!

Bunuel
GMATNinja
daagh
User avatar
Harsh9676
Joined: 18 Sep 2018
Last visit: 27 Feb 2023
Posts: 239
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 322
Location: India
Concentration: Finance, International Business
GMAT 1: 690 Q49 V36
GPA: 3.72
WE:Investment Banking (Finance: Investment Banking)
Products:
GMAT 1: 690 Q49 V36
Posts: 239
Kudos: 228
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Hi Ahabib

And is a co-ordinating conjunction. It can be used both as a connector of two independent clauses and as a marker in parallelism.

Here is more about markers in parallelism.

https://gmatclub.com/forum/download/file.php?id=37790

Thanks
Harsh

Posted from my mobile device
User avatar
ahabib
Joined: 12 Dec 2018
Last visit: 27 May 2020
Posts: 99
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 101
Location: Canada
GMAT 1: 720 Q48 V41
GMAT 1: 720 Q48 V41
Posts: 99
Kudos: 133
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Harsh9676
Hi Ahabib

And is a co-ordinating conjunction. It can be used both as a connector of two independent clauses and as a marker in parallelism.

Here is more about markers in parallelism.

https://gmatclub.com/forum/download/file.php?id=37790

Thanks
Harsh

Posted from my mobile device

What is it used as in this case?
User avatar
ahabib
Joined: 12 Dec 2018
Last visit: 27 May 2020
Posts: 99
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 101
Location: Canada
GMAT 1: 720 Q48 V41
GMAT 1: 720 Q48 V41
Posts: 99
Kudos: 133
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
ahabib
Can someone explain exactly how ", and" works ?

My understanding was that ", and" connects independent clauses, however in this case it's used for parallelism.

Does that mean ", and" (as in choice D) can be used for BOTH

1)parallelism

&

2)join independent clauses

Thank you!

Bunuel
GMATNinja
daagh

generis
DmitryFarber

Can either of you help me understand this issue please?
User avatar
Harsh9676
Joined: 18 Sep 2018
Last visit: 27 Feb 2023
Posts: 239
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 322
Location: India
Concentration: Finance, International Business
GMAT 1: 690 Q49 V36
GPA: 3.72
WE:Investment Banking (Finance: Investment Banking)
Products:
GMAT 1: 690 Q49 V36
Posts: 239
Kudos: 228
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Hi Ahabib

Like you mentioned, and along with a comma is used to connect two independent clauses. And is also used to present two or more elements (could be - verbs, adverbs, nouns, adjectives, prep phrases or clauses) in a parallel structure.

Eg:
1. I need a good GMAT score and a good profile to get into top tier universities.

Here a good GMAT score and a good profile are two noun elements

2. The cat and the rat are natural enemies.

3. One should follow the traffic rules diligently and thoroughly to avoid huge fines. (2 adverbs)

Hope this helps

Posted from my mobile device
User avatar
VerbalBot
User avatar
Non-Human User
Joined: 01 Oct 2013
Last visit: 04 Jan 2021
Posts: 19,404
Own Kudos:
Posts: 19,404
Kudos: 1,009
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Automated notice from GMAT Club VerbalBot:

A member just gave Kudos to this thread, showing it’s still useful. I’ve bumped it to the top so more people can benefit. Feel free to add your own questions or solutions.

This post was generated automatically.
Moderators:
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
7391 posts
495 posts
358 posts