Humans' emotional tendencies are essentially unchanged from those of the earliest members of our species. Accordingly, although technology makes possible a wider range of individual and societal choices than in centuries past, humans are generally unable to choose more wisely.
Summary:
Emotional Tendencies Unchanged
Tech makes wider range of choices now than in the past
Conclusion: Humans are unable to choose more wisely
This is an example of
Supporter Assumption since the information in the premise is not found in the conclusion and vice versa.
Logical Chain: Unchanged -> Unable to choose wisely
Contrapositive: Choose wisely -> change
The argument depends on assuming which one of the following?
Quote:
(A) Humans have undergone no significant changes since the origin of the species.
This is a trap if one is so familiar with Defender question type: Eliminating the error in statistic However, this is not the case in this argument. This choice is a bit extreme because of the word "significant". As long as there is a change, the argument will hold trues whether the change is significant or not. (A) is out.
Quote:
(B) Humans who make wise choices are generally in control of their emotions.
Do we know that humans make wise choices when they are in control of their emotions? This could be true in real life but not in the context of the argument. (B) is out.
Quote:
(C) Human history cannot make humans any wiser unless humans are emotionally disposed to heed the lessons of history.
This means: Wiser -> not disposed to heed the lessons of history. Do humans have to learn that or Can they simply changed through evolution? (C) is out
Quote:
(D) Regardless of the range of choices available to humans, they choose on the basis of their emotions alone.
The author does not say nor imply that humans choose bon the basis of their emotions
ALONE (D) is out
Quote:
(E) Humans would now be able to make wiser choices than in centuries past only if an essential change had taken place in humans' emotional dispositions.
This states the exact contrapositive discussed above.
(E) is the answer