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505-555 (Easy)|   Algebra|                     
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BrentGMATPrepNow
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sa800
my question is why or where are people getting -1,0,1 from? I assume they factor …. but then Why do people automatically set the quadratic equation equal to zero after factoring?

nowhere on the question does it say that….(x)(x+1)(x-1) = 0…..

is there a fundamental theorem im missing?

You are missing the crucial piece of information given in the stem: \(x^3-x=(x-a)(x-b)(x-c)\) for ALL numbers \(x\).

Since \(x^3-x=(x-a)(x-b)(x-c)\) is true for ALL \(x-es\) than it must also be true for \(x=0\), \(x=1\) and \(x=-1\). Setting x to 0 1 and -1 allows us to determine the values of a, b, and c.

Hope it helps.
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Attached is a visual that should help.­  First, factor out x—then use your quadratic identities + logic to solve.  

You must also be familiar with the specific quadratic identity (x+y)(x-y) = x^2 - y^2, or in this case (x+1)(x-1) = x^2 - 1.

­
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Just a heads-up — the math is right, but I think the identity is mislabeled. It says you're using \((a - b)^2 = (a - b)(a + b)\), but that's not correct. That’s actually the identity for \(a^2 - b^2 = (a - b)(a + b)\).

In this case, \(x^2 - 1 = (x - 1)(x + 1)\) is correct, since it's a difference of squares. Just a small labeling issue!

kelvinp
Alternative SOLUTION
If a, b, and c are constants, a > b > c, and x^3 - x = (x - a)(x - b)(x - c) for all numbers x, what is the value of b ?

(A) - 3
(B) -1
(C) 0
(D) 1
(E) 3


\(x^3 - x = (x-a)(x-b)(x-c)\)
\(x(x^2 - 1) = (x-a)(x-b)(x-c)\)

Using \((a-b)^2 = (a-b)(a+b)\) algebra form, the expression becomes \(( x ) (x - 1)(x + 1) = (x-a)(x-b)(x-c)\)

Effectively, the solutions are 0, -1, and +1.
As we are given that a > b > c, the order is therefore +1 > 0 > -1
B is therefore 0.

Answer is C
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If a, b, and c are constants, a > b > c, and x^3 - x = (x - a)(x - b)(x - c) for all numbers x, what is the value of b ?

(A) - 3
(B) -1
(C) 0
(D) 1
(E) 3
Responding to a pm:

\(x^3 - x = (x - a)(x - b)(x - c)\)

Take x common
\(x(x^2 - 1) = (x - a)(x - b)(x - c)\)

Difference of squares identity
\(x(x+1)(x-1) = (x - a)(x - b)(x - c)\)
\((x - 1)(x - 0)(x - (-1)) = (x - a)(x - b)(x - c)\)

a = 1, b = 0, c = -1 (since given a > b > c)

Answer (C)
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1. We need to break down the x^3 - x into x (x^2 - 1)

2. Then we break down into x (x+1) (x-1) =0

3. So we can have three solutions

x1-> x=0
x2-> x+1=0 -> x=-1
x3-> x-1=0 -> x=1

4. because a>b>c, so
a=1
b=0
c=-1

5. Therefore, answer is C.0

Bunuel
If a, b, and c are constants, a > b > c, and x^3 - x = (x - a)(x - b)(x - c) for all numbers x, what is the value of b ?

(A) - 3
(B) -1
(C) 0
(D) 1
(E) 3

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