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Difficulty:
55%
(hard)
Question Stats:
62%
(01:56)
correct 38%
(02:01)
wrong
based on 346
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
In a July 2011 survey of 53 prominent American economists, 65% said that lack of demand was the main reason why employers were not hiring new employees as compared to 27% who said that high rate of corporate taxation was the main reason. Therefore, higher corporate taxes didn’t likely lead to lower employment rates.
Which of the following statements must be true for the above argument to hold?
A. The lack of demand is not due to higher prices charged by corporates for their products in order to account for the higher tax rate. B. A higher corporate tax rate does not necessarily lead corporates to adopt low cost strategies. C. The opinions of all the 53 economists surveyed are equally credible. D. Most of the claims made by the economists surveyed have been proved to be true in the past. E. High corporate taxes do not aid the growth of the new companies.
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A. The lack of demand is not due to higher prices charged by corporates for their products in order to account for the higher tax rate. [Out of scope - argument doesn't mention anything about prices] B. A higher corporate tax rate does not necessarily lead corporates to adopt low cost strategies.- [out of scope] C. The opinions of all the 53 economists surveyed are equally credible. - [Strengthens argument but not an inference]. D. Most of the claims made by the economists surveyed have been proved to be true in the past. [Strengthens argument but not an inference]. E. High corporate taxes do not aid the growth of the new companies. [ Correct - Higher corporate taxes but companies aren't hiring i.e. employment rate isn't decreasing]
Gap Analysis: More people stating A(lack of demand) than B(High corporate taxes) as a reason for C(not hiring new employees). Therefore, B did not cause C. B --->x C For Assumptions: Answer choice MUST BE TRUE
Which of the following statements must be true for the above argument to hold?
A) The lack of demand is not due to higher prices charged by corporates for their products in order to account for the higher tax rate. The negative of this choice: A is caused by B. Therefore, conclusion that B did not cause C is broken. Hence, this choice is correct.
B) A higher corporate tax rate does not necessarily lead corporates to adopt low cost strategies. low cost strategies is not relevant to the conclusion to identify what caused lower employment rates.
C) The opinions of all the 53 economists surveyed are equally credible. I saw this as a potential contender, since the argument is based on the survey results. But the word "all" eliminates this, since it need not be true that ALL 53 economists surveyed must be equally credible for conclusion to hold true.
D) Most of the claims made by the economists surveyed have been proved to be true in the past. So?? validity of their past claims has no relevance here and it is not mandatory that their past claims MUST BE TRUE for this claim to be true.
E) High corporate taxes do not aid the growth of the new companies. growth of new companies is out of scope.
Can someone explain how and why A is the correct answer?
Thanks.
Show more
Argument states:
We have different voices stating 2 different things -
X( lack of demand) ----CAN lead to----> Z( lower employment rates) Y( corporate taxation) ----CAN lead to----> Z( lower employment rates)
Conclusion:
Y ----does NOT lead to----> Z( lower employment rates)
Pre-Think:
What if Y could have affected X, leading to Z? If that's the case, the argument will shatter.
Answer choice analysis:
A. The lack of demand is NOT due to higher prices charged by corporates for their products in order to account for the higher tax rate.
Aha! !A = In order to account for the higher tax rate( Y( corporate taxation )), higher prices charged by corporates for their products --------> The lack of demand( Z( lower employment rates)) Meaning: Y( corporate taxation) ----was somehow responsible for----> Z( lower employment rates) The negation BREAKS the argument.
B. A higher corporate tax rate does not necessarily lead corporates to adopt low-cost strategies.
Good to know. Let's negate B: A higher corporate tax rate does necessarily lead corporates to adopt low-cost strategies. !B = Y( corporate taxation) ----------> low-cost strategies. However, low-cost strategies do NOT necessarily equal lower employment rates, unless backed by the argument. Shell-Game. OUT
C. The opinions of all the 53 economists surveyed are equally credible.
Not important. Their credibilities CAN easily vary amongst themselves, yet the argument CAN stand true. The negation does NOT break the conclusion. OUT
D. Most of the claims made by the economists surveyed have been proved to be true in the past.
Least bothered about what happened in the past. OUT
E. High corporate taxes do not aid the growth of new companies.
Growth of companies? That too new. Nope. E is OUT With each passing word, E loses relevance.
Thanks to another GMAT Club member, I have just discovered this valuable topic, yet it had no discussion for over a year. I am now bumping it up - doing my job. I think you may find it valuable (esp those replies with Kudos).
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Archived Topic
Hi there,
This topic has been closed and archived due to inactivity or violation of community quality standards. No more replies are possible here.
Still interested in this question? Check out the "Best Topics" block above for a better discussion on this exact question, as well as several more related questions.