in time and in some cases, if people continue a pattern of

IMO A

in B contained is not the wright as it takes it to the past tense.
in D the "pattern of Consumption containing " doesn't seems to be right.

Please provide the OA.

IMO D

in time and in some cases, if people continue a pattern of consumption that will contain too much unhealthy food, their food intake will initiate changes in the brain that elevate the minimum level ingestion the brain needs for satiation
a)that will contain too much unhealthy food, their food intake will initiate changes in the brain
FUTURE TENSE "WILL CONTAIN" IS INCORRECT SINCE VERB IS PRESENT TENSE "CONTINUE"..OUT
b) that contained too much unhealthy food, their food intake will initiate changes in the brain
PAST TENSE "CONTAINED" IS INCORRECT SINCE VERB IS PRESENT TENSE "CONTINUE"..OUT
c) that has a content of too much of unhealthy food, this intake will initiate changes in the brain
"HAS A CONTENT" IS WORDY
"THIS" HAS NO REFERRANT ..OUT
d) containing too much unhealthy food, their intake of this food will initiate changes in the brain
CORRECT
e) containing too much unhealthy food, so that their intake of this food cause changes to occur in the brain
"IF..SO THAT " IS INCORRECT SENTENCE STRUCTURE....IF THEN(EXPLICIT OR SILENT) SHOULD BE USED..OUT

Its D

explanation given is good thanku people

IMO = D because the sentence must be in present tense.

Sudeep - nice response. kudos budy.

Yup, i think its D.
E is close but the 'so that' is not required.

this food is awkward bu d is only choice left

in time and in some cases, if people continue a pattern of consumption that will contain too much unhealthy food, their food intake will initiate changes in the brain that elevate the minimum level ingestion the brain needs for satiation

b) that contained too much unhealthy food, their food intake will initiate changes in the brain
c) that has a content of too much of unhealthy food, this intake will initiate changes in the brain
d) containing too much unhealthy food, their intake of this food will initiate changes in the brain
e) containing too much unhealthy food, so that their intake of this food cause changes to occur in the brain

It is not their in take of food that will initiate the brain changes, it is their consumption of the unhealthy food which will cause this. And this is the main difference that eliminates A, B.

so this food in D clearly refers to unhealthy food so it should win.

Take Way :

References to the proper antecedent to convey the correct meaning is as important as grammatical construction of the sentence.