Viorik
What is the difference between "sanctions on" and "sanctions against"? Many newspapers publish "sanctions against"
it was a idioms issue. "sanctions on" is mostly correct. But i haven’t heard about "sanctions against" and also sounds awkward. sanction means some kinds of ban. Compare the meanings of those, you will see the differences
winterschool
Q1. Dean of Talentia College: For the past few years, the reputation of our college has been declining, because of which we are now able to fill in only 70% of the total available seats. If more research work is done in the college, it will create more visibility and hence more students will start applying to our college. Accordingly, we will be able to increase the student count. Which of the following, if true, raises the most serious doubt regarding the effectiveness of the Dean’s plan in increasing the student count at the college? A. Increase in research will lead to increased expenditure to compensate for which the college will have to in turn increase the tuition fee that is already considered quite high by applicants. B. To maintain the required teacher-student ratio, the college will have to hire many new professors. C. Almost 10% of the student applications are rejected by the college each year. D. Another college in the area that offers the same courses as Talentia was unsuccessful in increasing its visibility by increasing its engagement in research work. E. The Government will not increase the funding for Talentia, even if the college increases the research work it is doing.
winterschool
Q2. The region of Flavia has been noticing a steady increase in the incidence of Fluorosis - a chronic condition caused by excessive intake of fluorine compounds – among its citizens. It is a known fact that Flavian waters – underground, lakes and rivers alike – contain excess of fluorine compounds. So, to reduce the incidence of Fluorosis, the local water supply corporation has started to treat the drinking water to remove excess fluorine compounds before supplying to households for the past two years. However, there has been no appreciable reduction in the incidence of fluorosis. Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the fluorosis situation in Flavia? A. Underground water reserves tend to accumulate fluorine compounds over time, making them a relatively less safe source of water than rivers and lakes are. B. For a place such as Flavia, which is quite remotely located and is located far away from other towns, water is the primary source of exposure to fluorinated compounds. C. In the same way fluorine is removed from drinking water, fluorine can also be added to drinking water by anyone. D. The treatment methods used by the local water supply corporation to remove the fluorine compounds from water are quite outdated and frankly, take a significant amount of time to completely remove all the fluorine compounds. E. Water from rivers – barely processed – is the main source of water heavily utilized in all production sectors, agriculture and food manufacturing
CR Questions April- 26 :Q1. The city is required by federal environmental regulations to build a new water treatment plant. If this plant is built inside the city limits it will disrupt the lives of many more citizens than if it is built on vacant land near the city. However, despite the availability of the vacant land, the plant should be built inside city limits because of the increased economic benefits its construction would provide to the city in the form of jobs.
Which one of the following, if true, most weakens the argument above?
(A) The available land outside of the city is privately owned, whereas there is an adequate site within the city that is city-owned.
(B) Regardless of the site location, most of the jobs created by the plant’s construction will go to residents of the city.
(C) A municipal plant like the water treatment plant will pay no taxes to city government regardless of its location.
(D) Most citizens of the city will tolerate brief disruptions in their daily lives if such disruptions will secure better water quality in the future.
(E) The amount of taxes paid by workers depends both on where they work and where they live.
Q2. Automobile industry representative: New innovations in automobiles will not happen unless the heavy development costs we incur can be recouped in later sales. Therefore, the current 20 years of protection provided by patents for all industries should be extended in the case of newly developed automobile innovations. Critic: In most other industries, new product development has happened despite high development costs. So, such an extension is unnecessary.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the automobile industry’s argument against the challenge made above?
A. The heavy electrical industry, which has development costs comparable to those in the automobile industry, has not seen new innovations in recent years.
B. Automobile companies are legally permitted to bring to market alternative innovations that are sufficiently dissimilar to the patented innovation.
C. Many recent industrial innovations have happened in products, for example, in the computer and electronics industries, for which patent protection is often very ineffective.
D. Beta testing of the automobile innovation, which occur after the patent is granted and before the new innovation can be marketed, often takes as many as 10 years to complete.
E. There are several industries with much innovation in which the ratio of research and development costs to revenues is higher than it is in the automobile industry.