Legal advocate: The Métis people of Canada are of First Nations and

Question

Legal advocate: The Métis people of Canada are of First Nations and European ancestry. The government grants certain special rights to Métis individuals. To receive these rights, an individual must self-identify as Métis and must not have self-identified only recently in order to receive these rights. The individual must also have Métis ancestry and be accepted as Métis by a modern Métis community. Acceptance by a modern Métis community is shown only by long-standing participation in the community’s cultural or political activities.

In the table, select characteristics H and N, such that an individual having H and NOT having N would most clearly satisfy the legal advocate’s stated criterion for receiving the rights associated with Métis membership. Make only two selections, one in each column.

In the table, select characteristics  H  and  N , such that an individual having  H  and NOT having  N  would most clearly satisfy the legal advocate’s stated criterion for receiving the rights associated with Métis membership. Make only two selections, one in each column.

KarishmaB · Accepted Answer

Video solution to the question:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRrlJBzcM3w

Necessary conditions to satisfy the criteria:

- An individual must have long ago self-identified as Métis
- The individual must also have Métis ancestry
- Must have long-standing participation in the community’s cultural or political activities. (this shows acceptance in Metis community)

Question Stem: Select characteristics  H  and  N , such that an individual having  H  and NOT having  N  would most clearly satisfy the legal advocate’s stated criterion for receiving the rights associated with Métis membership.

We are discussing a certain individual, say X. If X has one of the given options (H) and does not have one of the given options (N), then he would satisfy all 3 criteria given above.

Let's look at the options: We need 3 things: "self identify", "ancestry" and "long standing participation".
"Self identify" is a part of first two options so one of those is required as H.

- Self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing Métis ancestry

We do not know if he long ago self identified as Metis or recently.
If we still accept this is H, we might say that two criteria are met ""self identify" and "ancestry". What about "long standing participation"?
"N" should give "long standing participation". Only last option has not participation aspect.
If "N = Has never participated in Métis political activities" and NOT of this statement is "Has at least some times participated in Métis political activities," that is fine but we do not know if the participation is long standing. Hence our conditions are not met.
Not the answer.

- Self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing participation in Métis political activities

He has "long-standing participation in Métis political activities." Since he has long standing participation, it stands to reason that he long ago self identified as Metis. So two boxes are checked ""self identify" and "long standing participation".
What about "ancestry"? We need N to take care of ancestry. If "N = Has recent ancestry that is not Métis" and NOT of this statement is "Has recent ancestry that is Métis," then it all works. We just need "The individual must have Métis ancestry". There is no mention of recent or long standing with ancestry so knowing that he has some Metis ancestry is enough.

Iwillget770 · Answer

Hi  chetan2u ,

I chose option 1 for  H

I cannot understand Option 2 for  H

The Métis people of Canada are of First Nations and European ancestry. The government grants certain special rights to Métis individuals. To receive these rights,

Condition 1 :an individual must self-identify as Métis and 
Condition 2 :must not have self-identified only recently in order to receive these rights. 
Condition 3 :The individual must also have Métis ancestry and 
Condition 4: be accepted as Métis by a modern Métis community. 
Condition 4a:Acceptance by a modern Métis community is shown only by long-standing participation in the community’s cultural or political activities.

Option 2: 
 Self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing participation in Métis political activities

One cannot self identify as Metis due to long standing participation in Metis Political Activity. 
One is accepted as as Métis by a modern Métis community when one has long-standing participation in the community’s cultural or political activities.

One can have a  long-standing participation in the community’s cultural or political activities  but may not have  Metis Ancestry

Whereas Option 1 :

Self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing Métis ancestry is logically falling in Condition 1 and Condition 3

Please guide

chetan2u · Answer

Lot of discussion on the question.

My two cents on it. I did home on to the H part pretty straight forward but took more than one minute to analyse the last two options for N.

Let us see what all is given as must have 
1. an individual must self-identify as Métis and must not have self-identified only recently in order to receive these rights
2. The individual must also have Métis ancestry
3. The individual must be accepted as Métis by a modern Métis community, a case that is shown only by long-standing participation in the community’s cultural or political activities.

Have: H is clearly one of the first three options

A. Self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing Métis ancestry
Acceptance by modern Meitis community is a very important aspect and is missed out in this option.

B. Self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing participation in Métis political activities
This shows that modern Metis communty would accept the individual as Meti. Although it misses out directly on point of Metis ancestary, the long standing participation in Metis political activities could be stretched to ancestary. 
Whatever be the way, the options seems to be  more  apt for must have than A, and although it may not be covering each point very clearly.

C. Has recent ancestry that is Métis and participates in Métis political activities
The word  recent  makes the option fit to be discarded.

Not Have: N is, therefore, restricted to one of the last two options.

D. Has recent ancestry that is not Métis
Clearly this is a No go situation from the very look. The person fitting in the above category would never be eligible to Metis rights. 
This could be a straight answer unless we start diving deep in it, a situation that I too found myself in initially. 
The above could translate into
(i) Has recent ancestary that is Metis, something that will again not fit in.
(ii) Has long-standing ancestary that is not Metis, again something that will not fit in.
(iii) Has long standing ancestary that is Metis, a required situation.
 But, do we really require to dive so deep into analysing a situation, which otherwise just warrants a Yes have or No have answer. 
A straightway answer should have been:  no, a person with recent ancestry that is not Métis is not eligible for rights.

E. Has never participated in Métis political activities
We are looking for  long-standing participation in the community’s cultural   or   political activities .
The answer would be: Ok, he could have participated in community's cultural activities.
 The reason for this not be considered for N is word  or.

Answer: B and D

ashutosh_73 · Answer

Hi  KarishmaB 
I learnt have learnt that  ''when negating complex sentences (sentences that contain one independent clause and at least one dependent clause), always negate the verb in the independent (i.e. main) clause only. The dependent clause does not bear the weight of the negation, and should be left intact''

So,  NOT  of    Has recent ancestry that is not Métis"    should be    Has not recent ancestry that is not Metis  ,  right? May be it is  Inuit?

KarishmaB · Answer

Sure, but what does "Doesn't have recent ancestry that is not Metis" mean? It means his recent ancestry is Metis. After all, he has recent ancestry, and if it is not non-Metis, then it must be Metis. Therefore, instead of writing two non negatives, I would write it as a positive statement for clarity.

GMATNinja · Answer

I think the always-amazing Karishma might already have rescued you (and everybody else!), but this is a really tough question, so we'll throw in our two cents, just in case it helps anybody. The key to this one is that we're talking about ONE individual who has H and who does not have N (as opposed to one individual who has H and a different individual who does not have N). No single option in the H column is sufficient to prove that an individual checks all of the boxes. For example, option 1 is not sufficient because an individual who "self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing Métis ancestry" might not be accepted as Métis by a modern Métis community. So we need to find a pair of options that, together, prove that the individual satisfies ALL of the conditions. Looking at the second option, an individual who "self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing participation in Métis political activities" might not have Métis ancestry. So having the second option is NOT sufficient on its own, and we will still need something that establishes the individual's Métis ancestry. Here's where it gets fun: NOT having option 4 gives us that. The double negative is confusing, so consider the following question: "Do you have recent ancestry that is NOT Métis?" If you have any NON-Métis recent history, then you must respond "Yes" to that question ("Yes, I have recent ancestry that is not Métis."). The only individuals who can respond "No" are individuals who ONLY have recent ancestry that IS Métis (i"No, I do NOT have recent ancestry that is NOT Métis. I ONLY have recent ancestry that IS Métis."). So NOT having option 4 guarantees that you DO have Métis ancestry. Combine that with HAVING option 2, and you guarantee that all of the boxes are checked. That's nasty. If you struggled with this, just know that you're not alone.

Elite097 · Answer

KarishmaB  as per the question stem are we required to ensure that the H and N combined have to be sufficient or do they all just have to represent even just.a subset of all requirements?

KarishmaB · Answer

We don't know what is sufficienct to get Metis rights. All we know is that 3 things are necessary as per the advocate.

And the question stem states: ... most clearly satisfy the legal advocate’s stated criterion for receiving the rights associated with Métis membership.

We only have to worry about satisfying the stated criterion.

Alasoy · Answer

tbh this question does not have to be that confusing, especially with the longstanding wordings. gosh it's just too complicated & the actual test is not that hard either

KarishmaB · Answer

Below 655 level, the questions are fairly clean. Above 705 level questions sometimes require you to read and notice every word carefully. Especially eligibility criteria etc. in the actual test too.

FriendlyCat · Answer

I'm confused about why the answer isn't H: Self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing Métis ancestry (A); N: Has never participated in Métis political activities (E). This suggests all 3 requirements: self-identifies as Métis, Métis ancestry, and participation in political activities. I understand that the key word is "long-standing" participation, but the correct answer also relies on the weaker assumption that long-standing participation in Métis political activities = Métis ancestry.

Bunuel · Answer

We need to establish all three requirements:

1. The person self-identifies as Metis and this is not merely a recent identification for the purpose of receiving the rights.
2. The person has Metis ancestry.
3. The person has long-standing participation in Metis cultural or political activities, which establishes acceptance by the Metis community.

The correct pair does exactly that.

H: “Self-identifies as Metis due to long-standing participation in Metis political activities.”
This establishes 1 and 3.

N: “Has recent ancestry that is not Metis.”
NOT having N means the person has recent ancestry that is Metis, so this establishes 2.

So the correct answer does not assume that long-standing participation implies Metis ancestry. The ancestry requirement comes separately from NOT N.

Your proposed pair does not work:

H: “Self-identifies as Metis due to long-standing Metis ancestry.”
This establishes 1 and 2.

N: “Has never participated in Metis political activities.”
But NOT having N means only that the person has participated in Metis political activities at some point. It does not establish 3, because we do not know whether that participation was  long-standing .

Therefore, your pair fails to establish the required long-standing participation and hence community acceptance.

dhairya18 · Answer

The criteria are:

=> Self-identifies as Métis
=> Has Métis ancestry
=> Is accepted by a modern Métis community
=> Acceptance is shown only by long-standing cultural or political participation
=> Must not have self-identified only recently

Correct selections:

H = 2:
Self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing participation in Métis political activities
This gives:
self-identification ✅
long-standing political participation → community acceptance ✅

N = 4:
Has recent ancestry that is not Métis
So NOT N means the person does not have recent non-Métis ancestry, removing the conflicting ancestry characteristic.

Kudos if you found it helpful!

Legal advocate: The Métis people of Canada are of First Nations and

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H	N
		Self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing Métis ancestry
		Self-identifies as Métis due to long-standing participation in Métis political activities
		Has recent ancestry that is Métis and participates in Métis political activities
		Has recent ancestry that is not Métis
		Has never participated in Métis political activities

GMAT Two-part Analysis (TPA) Questions

Legal advocate: The Métis people of Canada are of First Nations and

Prep Toolkit

615 to 715 in 15 Days (Ria's Strategies)

More than Quant/Verbal Abilities: Speed vs. Accuracy

745 with Only Self-Prep and GMAT Club

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My Rewards