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05 Feb 2020, 04:45
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Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
45%
(medium)
Question Stats:
68% (02:19) correct
32%
(02:18)
wrong
based on 545
sessions
History
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Time
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Not Attempted Yet
Marcus: For most ethical dilemmas the journalist is likely to face, traditional journalistic ethics is clear, adequate, and essentially correct. For example, when journalists have uncovered newsworthy information, they should go to press with it as soon as possible. No delay motivated by the journalists’ personal or professional interests is permissible.
Anita: Well, Marcus, of course interesting and important information should be brought before the public—that is a journalist’s job. But in the typical case, where a journalist has some information but is in a quandary about whether it is yet important or “newsworthy,” this guidance is inadequate.
The point made by Anita’s statements is most accurately expressed by which one of the following?
(A) Marcus’s claim that traditional journalistic ethics is clear for most ethical dilemmas in journalism is incorrect.
(B) A typical case illustrates that Marcus is wrong in claiming that traditional journalistic ethics is essentially correct for most ethical dilemmas in journalism.
(C) The ethical principle that Marcus cites does not help the journalist in a typical kind of situation in which a decision needs to be made.
(D) There are common situations in which a journalist must make a decision and in which no principle of journalistic ethics can be of help.
(E) Traditional journalistic ethics amounts to no more than an unnecessarily convoluted description of the journalist’s job.
Anita: Well, Marcus, of course interesting and important information should be brought before the public—that is a journalist’s job. But in the typical case, where a journalist has some information but is in a quandary about whether it is yet important or “newsworthy,” this guidance is inadequate.
The point made by Anita’s statements is most accurately expressed by which one of the following?
(A) Marcus’s claim that traditional journalistic ethics is clear for most ethical dilemmas in journalism is incorrect.
(B) A typical case illustrates that Marcus is wrong in claiming that traditional journalistic ethics is essentially correct for most ethical dilemmas in journalism.
(C) The ethical principle that Marcus cites does not help the journalist in a typical kind of situation in which a decision needs to be made.
(D) There are common situations in which a journalist must make a decision and in which no principle of journalistic ethics can be of help.
(E) Traditional journalistic ethics amounts to no more than an unnecessarily convoluted description of the journalist’s job.
03 Apr 2021, 05:15
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
(A) No. This is the second-best choice. Anita states that traditional journalistic ethics do not provide sufficient guidelines for journalists to make professional decisions. (“But in the typical case, where a journalist has some information but is in a quandary about whether it is yet important or ‘newsworthy,’ this guidance is inadequate.”) Rather than object to Marcus’ assertion that traditional ethics are clear, she objects to his claim that these ethics are adequate.
(B) No. She does not believe that traditional journalistic ethics are incorrect for most ethical dilemmas (“Well, Marcus, of course interesting and important
information should be brought before the public—that is a journalist’s job”), just that the precepts are inadequate (“But in the typical case, where a journalist has some information but is in a quandary about whether it is yet important or “newsworthy,” this guidance is inadequate”).
(C) Yes. Anita does not disagree with the journalistic principles that Marcus cites, she just believes that they are not sufficient guidelines for typical situations journalists encounter.
(D) No. This is too strong. She merely believes that the particular principle of journalistic ethics Marcus cited is inadequate for typical cases.
(E) No. She does not reject traditional journalistic ethics as unnecessary and convoluted (“Well, Marcus, of course interesting and important information should be brought before the public—that is a journalist’s job”). Rather, she believes that traditional journalistic ethics are insufficient to guide journalists.
General Discussion
06 Feb 2020, 02:55
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Find what needs to be true in order to be able to conclude from Anita's statements that Marcus' general claim about traditional journalistic ethics is incorrect
Core:
In a typical case, where a journalist has some information but is in a quandary about whether it is yet important or newsworthy, traditional journalistic ethics provides inadequate guidance
=>
For most ethical dilemmas the journalist is likely to face, traditional journalistic ethics is not clear, adequate, nor essentially correct. [Marcus's general claim is incorrect]
Gaps:
1) It seems like Anita's example is pretty strong evidence that Marcus' general claim is incorrect, maybe the example provided isn't an ethical dilemma but one of professionalism?
Answer Choices:
(A) CORRECT: This needs to be true in order for the one piece of evidence (the example) in Anita's argument to have any chance at proving Marcus' argument to be incorrect. If the example is not an ethical dilemma for journalists, then it is not an example of where traditional journalistic ethics fail to be clear, adequate, or essentially correct.
(B) Out of Scope (relevance): I struggled with this one. I think the reason it is wrong is that it concerns information already deemed "newsworthy." Whether there are or are not circumstances in which it would be ethically wrong for a journalist to go to press with legitimately acquired, newsworthy information has no relevance to Anita's argument, which involves one piece of evidence (a typical example), in which a journalist is conflicted about whether to publish information they are unsure is newsworthy. This answer choice tells you that there are other journalistic circumstances, aside from the one mentioned by Anita, in which ethical dilemmas arise. So what? Fundamentally, a necessary assumption answer needs to strengthen an argument. This answer choice fails to do so because it doesn't address the core of Anita's argument.
(C) Out of Scope: There could be other ethical dilemmas that are more serious, the issue in the core is whether traditional journalistic ethics are clear, adequate, and essentially correct.
(D) Out of Scope: This does not have to be assumed in order for the argument to hold. In order to prove Marcus incorrect it only needs to be the case that traditional journalistic ethics fail to be clear more than 50% of the time. (Note- this is why Anita's argument can potentially work, "typically" means "most," so if traditional journalistic ethics are unclear in the typical case then they are unclear more than 50% of the time).
(E) Too Strong: Marcus doesn't suggest that adequacy requires guidance in every case. He only says that adequacy entails clear guidance in most cases
Core:
In a typical case, where a journalist has some information but is in a quandary about whether it is yet important or newsworthy, traditional journalistic ethics provides inadequate guidance
=>
For most ethical dilemmas the journalist is likely to face, traditional journalistic ethics is not clear, adequate, nor essentially correct. [Marcus's general claim is incorrect]
Gaps:
1) It seems like Anita's example is pretty strong evidence that Marcus' general claim is incorrect, maybe the example provided isn't an ethical dilemma but one of professionalism?
Answer Choices:
(A) CORRECT: This needs to be true in order for the one piece of evidence (the example) in Anita's argument to have any chance at proving Marcus' argument to be incorrect. If the example is not an ethical dilemma for journalists, then it is not an example of where traditional journalistic ethics fail to be clear, adequate, or essentially correct.
(B) Out of Scope (relevance): I struggled with this one. I think the reason it is wrong is that it concerns information already deemed "newsworthy." Whether there are or are not circumstances in which it would be ethically wrong for a journalist to go to press with legitimately acquired, newsworthy information has no relevance to Anita's argument, which involves one piece of evidence (a typical example), in which a journalist is conflicted about whether to publish information they are unsure is newsworthy. This answer choice tells you that there are other journalistic circumstances, aside from the one mentioned by Anita, in which ethical dilemmas arise. So what? Fundamentally, a necessary assumption answer needs to strengthen an argument. This answer choice fails to do so because it doesn't address the core of Anita's argument.
(C) Out of Scope: There could be other ethical dilemmas that are more serious, the issue in the core is whether traditional journalistic ethics are clear, adequate, and essentially correct.
(D) Out of Scope: This does not have to be assumed in order for the argument to hold. In order to prove Marcus incorrect it only needs to be the case that traditional journalistic ethics fail to be clear more than 50% of the time. (Note- this is why Anita's argument can potentially work, "typically" means "most," so if traditional journalistic ethics are unclear in the typical case then they are unclear more than 50% of the time).
(E) Too Strong: Marcus doesn't suggest that adequacy requires guidance in every case. He only says that adequacy entails clear guidance in most cases
