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Bunuel
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I think B can be the answer since we have already been provided the information that 80% of S are also P
and B states that 50% of the professors are also scientists.

So 80% of S= 50% of P

P>S­
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­From the question, the only information we have is that 80% of the scientists are also professors. 

According to the statement 1, 45% of the attendees are neither a professor nor a scientist. This statement doesn't provide any additional information other than what we already have. So, answer choice A & D are out.

According to the statement 2, 50% of the professors are also scientists. Based on this information, let's assume, there are a total 160 numbers of professors attending the conference. Among those, 50% equal to 80 persons are scientists. Certainly, these 80 persons are the 80% of the scientists who are also professors. Meaning, there are also 20 scientists who are not professors. However, in this specific scenario, the number of professors remain 160 which is certainly higher than the number of scientists. So, B alone is sufficient to answer the question.

Answer B. 
 
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