People with a certain eye disorder are virtually unable to see in mode

i would choose D. People w/ such eye disorder are sensitive to bright lights, except the red components of light.... (that's how i understand it, could be wrong ).

Yeah its "D"

Eye Disorder --> able to see only DIM LIGHT and RED COMPONENT of moderate dim light
so filter out other components but red of the moderate dim light and enjoy moderate light.

New kid, check here:

https://www.gmatclub.com/phpbb/viewtopic ... e+disorder

Essentially ppl w/ this disorder have trouble seeing in moderate bright light except for red. No real problems w/ dim light.

A: nothing about reading, and this is not suggested.
B: nothing to suggest they see red more clearly, they just dont have problems seeing it in moderately bright light.
C: This isnt what the passage says, this goes too far.
E: maybe maybe not, cannot deduce this.

D: sure, if these glasses really do this then it would help these people see.

People with eye disorder unable to see in moderately bright light and at the same token, they can properly in dim light but not sensitive to red light.

A. In all moderately dim light in which people without the disorder can read large print, people with the disorder cannot read such print. [This is not comparison between people with disorder and people without disorder. – Eliminate it]

B. In an otherwise darkened concert hall, these people will see a dimly illuminated red exit sign more clearly than small dim white lights that mark the aisles.[This opposes the information given in the premise – eliminate it]

C. These people typically see more acutely at night and in dim light than do most people who do not have the disorder. [This is not comparison between people with disorder and people without disorder. – Eliminate it]

D. Eyeglasses that are transparent to red components of light but filter out other components of light help these people see in moderately bright light.[when eye glasses filters out other components of bright light, it implies creating an dim environment. And if eye glass transparent to red light then this is eliminating the disorder – Hold it]

E. These people perceive colors other than red in the same way as do most people who do not have the disorder [This is not comparison between people with disorder and people without disorder. – Eliminate it]

Answer: D

MBT correct answer can be inferred from stimulus.
MBT wrong answer 1) could/likely to be true, 2) exaggerated 3) any new information 4) shell game 5) reverse logic/answer.

A. In all moderately dim light in which people without the disorder can read large print, people with the disorder cannot read such print. Wrong. It's clearly reverse logic or opposite reasoning of the stimulus.

B. In an otherwise darkened concert hall, these people will see a dimly illuminated red exit sign more clearly than small dim white lights that mark the aisles. Wrong. It's an exaggeration. More so, it's not even in the stimulus. These people show normal sensitivity to dim light; overcompensating red light in areas of dim lighting cannot be inferred too.

C. These people typically see more acutely at night and in dim light than do most people who do not have the disorder. Wrong. The stimulus states that these people show normal sensitivity to most components of dim light.

D. Eyeglasses that are transparent to red components of light but filter out other components of light help these people see in moderately bright light. This is tricky because this method is not explicit in the stimulus. It can only be inferred.

E. These people perceive colors other than red in the same way as do most people who do not have the disorder. Wrong. I originally passed it because the statement seems funny, or an exaggeration. After a second look, it's clearly shell game. This statement is inherently opposite of the stimulus, but it's tricky because a lot of the same wording is present.

This is an inference type of question. The answer choice must be true based on the information given in the argument.

A. In all moderately dim light in which people without the disorder can read large print, people with the disorder cannot read such print.
people with disorder do not have any problems with dim light. This is irrelevant.

B. In an otherwise darkened concert hall, these people will see a dimly illuminated red exit sign more clearly than small dim white lights that mark the aisles.
This cannot be inferred from the argument. The argument does not state that people with disorder see better in dim light.

C. These people typically see more acutely at night and in dim light than do most people who do not have the disorder.
No, this cannot be inferred. The argument does not compare people without disorder with people with disorder. Moreover, the argument does not state that people with disorder see more acutely in dim light.

D. Eyeglasses that are transparent to red components of light but filter out other components of light help these people see in moderately bright light.
Aha! The argument tells that in red components of moderately bright light do not make the retina cells more sensitive. Looks good.

E. These people perceive colors other than red in the same way as do most people who do not have the disorder
No, the argument does not compare people with/without disorder.

D.

A. In all moderately dim light in which people without the disorder can read large print, people with the disorder cannot read such print. -- in dim light they show normal sensitivity.
B. In an otherwise darkened concert hall, these people will see a dimly illuminated red exit sign more clearly than small dim white lights that mark the aisles. -- in dim light they show normal sensitivity.
C. These people typically see more acutely at night and in dim light than do most people who do not have the disorder. -- no comparison between people with no disorder vs people with disorder
D. Eyeglasses that are transparent to red components of light but filter out other components of light help these people see in moderately bright light. - CORRECT - red color in bright light
E. These people perceive colors other than red in the same way as do most people who do not have the disorder -- no comparison between people with no disorder vs people with disorder

People with a certain eye disorder are virtually unable to see in moderately bright light, which seems to them unbearably intense, since the cells of their retinas are overwhelmed by moderately bright light. These people do, however, show normal sensitivity to most components of dim light. Their retinal cells are also not excessively sensitive to red components of moderately bright light.
The information above best supports which of the following hypotheses about people with the disorder described, if they have no other serious visual problems?

A. In all moderately dim light in which people without the disorder can read large print, people with the disorder cannot read such print.
The size of the print is not the problem discussed in teh argument as the disorder is not related to the focus of the lens bu thte sensitivity of the ratina, so out of scope.

B. In an otherwise darkened concert hall, these people will see a dimly illuminated red exit sign more clearly than small dim white lights that mark the aisles.
The ratina of people with this discussed disorder is insensitive to the red light or red frequency of the visible light,so even if there is no light but red they will be able to see less.

C. These people typically see more acutely at night and in dim light than do most people who do not have the disorder.
The visibilty of peopel with disorder to the visibility of regualr people is not compared but the people with disorder will still see less than the people without disorder.

D. Eyeglasses that are transparent to red components of light but filter out other components of light help these people see in moderately bright light.
Correct answer since the people with the disorder cannot bear the intensity of bright light and they are less sensitve to red light they can see better with glaases that filter all but red color .Correct answer.

E. These people perceive colors other than red in the same way as do most people who do not have the disorder
This is also a good choice, but people with disorder cannot bear the bright light while people without disorder can this answer choice is susceptible to be negated,
also answer D is better answer then E

People with a certain eye disorder are virtually unable to see in moderately bright light, which seems to them unbearably intense since the cells of their retinas are overwhelmed by moderately bright light. These people do, however, show normal sensitivity to most components of dim light. Their retinal cells are also not excessively sensitive to red components of moderately bright light.
The information above best supports which of the following hypotheses about people with the disorder described, if they have no other serious visual problems?

Extraction: 1. ppl with disorder- unable to see MODERATELY BRIGHT
2.show normal sensitivity to MOST components of DIM light.
3.not excessively sensitive to red components of moderately bright light.

A. In all moderately dim light in which people without the disorder can read large print, people with the disorder cannot read such print. -- GIVEN- most (>50% to 100%) dim light is okay-- so this may or may not be true.

B. In an otherwise darkened concert hall, these people will see a dimly illuminated red exit sign more clearly than small dim white lights that mark the aisles.-- GIVEN- ppl can see moderately bright red light and can see most dim lights . Now both the RED and WHITE are dim here -- so they both can be seen --but a comparison(which can be seen clearly)cannot be deduced.
C. These people typically see more acutely at night and in dim light than do most people who do not have the disorder.--NO INFO ABOUT PPL WITHOUT DISORDER AND SO COMPARISON, IS UNDEDUCTIBLE.

D. Eyeglasses that are transparent to red components of light but filter out other components of light help these people see in moderately bright light.-- GIVEN- MODERATELY BRIGHT RED LIGHT OKAY. other components not okay. if only red allowed to be passed and other to be blocked then this will surely help them- CORRECT

E. These people perceive colors other than red in the same way as do most people who do not have the disorder-- comparison is given - colors other than red affect both the group in same way. PASSAGE SPECIFICALLY TALKS ABOUT BRIGHT AND DIM LIGHTS. so the answer choice has to state clearly which type of light we are talking about.

Eyeglasses that are transparent to red components of light but filter out other components of light help these people see in moderately bright light -

I construed this as such eyeglasses only helps them to see in bright light and so ruled this option.

This is a well-disguised Inference question. In Inference question type, we must pick the answer that can absolutely be derived from the information provided in the passage. The most common wrong answers are "could be true, but not necessarily true" and "new data / information" traps.

Most of the time, Inference questions contain only facts & premises. Let's identify them:
P1 - people w/ a certain eye disorder cannot see in moderately bright light because it overwhelms the eyes.
P2 - people w/ that disorder can see OK in dim light.
P3 - but, people w/ that disorder can see red component of the moderately bright light (btw, physics, and more specifically, optics says that light has several components - blue, red, green, yellow - to name a few). If you are 10,000 miles away from Physics... Perhaps, you have seen a cover of the Pink Floyd's Dark Side of the Moon that shows the prism? This is the perfect example of how the light can be broken down into components.

Also, it is logical to assume there are three categories of light: dim, moderate, and intense (not covered here). Yes, Inference questions allow to assume some common sense information, even if it is not provided in the passage. For example, France is in Europe, wheat is a grain, water is heaver than air, and so on.



The argument does not talk about large prints... So, this option is out.


Though it is a tempting option, it is incorrect. We cannot make any inferences about which components of light people w/ disorder can see better in dim light. We just know they can see in dim light.


The argument does not discuss people who do not have the disorder, so we cannot make any comparisons.


Okay. This option is closely related to P3, i.e. in moderate light people can see red component, but cannot see any other components which, in ensemble, are too intense, making the person's eye too sensitive to moderate light. If the glasses filter all components except for the red one in moderate light, the person will be able to see smth.


This one provides too much of new information. Out for the same reason as (A).

Option A is incorrect because "In all moderately dim light" will be incorrect to infer. The people with the disorder " show normal sensitivity to most components of dim light." So inferring "all moderately dim light" will be incorrect.

Option B is incorrect because no comparison has been made between dim red light and dim white lights.
Option C is incorrect because nothing has been mentioned "night".

Option D is correct because "Their retinal cells are also not excessively sensitive to red components of moderately bright light." Now if only red lights enter through the eye glasses and filter out other components then people would have no problem in viewing .

Option E is incorrect because "People with a certain eye disorder are virtually unable to see in moderately bright light," and "Their retinal cells are also not excessively sensitive to red components of moderately bright light." So option E reverses what has been said in the last sentence of the argument and hence it is incorrect.

Please give kudo s if you liked my explanation.

My approach for this :

A. In all moderately dim light in which people without the disorder can read large print, people with the disorder cannot read such print. In all likelihood, people with the disorder may in fact have a similar capability to read in moderately dim light. We cannot infer this from the argument.
B. In an otherwise darkened concert hall, these people will see a dimly illuminated red exit sign more clearly than small dim white lights that mark the aisles. We do not know the preference for one type of color over the other in dim light. We cannot infer this from the argument.
C. These people typically see more acutely at night and in dim light than do most people who do not have the disorder. We do not know this from the argument.
D. Eyeglasses that are transparent to red components of light but filter out other components of light help these people see in moderately bright light. Yes, this makes sense. Plus the language is not so extreme.
E. These people perceive colors other than red in the same way as do most people who do not have the disorder.- We cannot infer this.

People with a certain eye disorder are virtually unable to see in moderately bright light, which seems to them unbearably intense, since the cells of their retinas are overwhelmed by moderately bright light. These people do, however, show normal sensitivity to most components of dim light. Their retinal cells are also not excessively sensitive to red components of moderately bright light.

The information above best supports which of the following hypotheses about people with the disorder described, if they have no other serious visual problems?

Question type: Inference

A. In all moderately dim light in which people without the disorder can read large print, people with the disorder cannot read such print. This mentions "moderately dim light". Based on the passage above, people with the disorder should be able to read such print. This cannot be inferred.
B. In an otherwise darkened concert hall, these people will see a dimly illuminated red exit sign more clearly than small dim white lights that mark the aisles. This cannot be inferred. Yes, they may be able to see the dimly illuminated red exit sign but there is no comparison with a dim white light that can be inferred.
C. These people typically see more acutely at night and in dim light than do most people who do not have the disorder. We cannot infer this from the passage. It does not mention anything about people who do not have the disorder.
D. Eyeglasses that are transparent to red components of light but filter out other components of light help these people see in moderately bright light.Absolutely. The action of wearing eyeglasses may seem irrelevant initially - but think deeper. If a device can be worn without affecting the user's ability to see red component of lights but helps them see moderately bright light - this absolutely helps the user see much better.
E. These people perceive colors other than red in the same way as do most people who do not have the disorder. We cannot infer this from the passage. Passage only mentions red, and not other colors.

Hi KarishmaB - While I agree option D is the answer -- is my visualization of what is going on in D, accurate ?

Option D if true is saying, once the folks (with the disorder described) put on sunglasses, this is what is happening.

-- These people will see moderately bright red light.

-- If they look towards moderately bright yellow light or moderately bright green light -- they dont see anything (its blank) as if no light exists.

-- W/o the sunglasses - they would only see 'brigthness' if they look at moderately bright yellow light or moderately bright green light -- now if they look at moderately bright yellow light or moderately bright green light with the sunglasses --> they see nothing

I dont see how its helpfull though ?

Is it the eye squinting that will stop because of these sunglasses ? but i could argue -- at least i know something moderately bright is present (even though it is VERY bright and i have to look away or sheild my eyes because of the brightness)

With the sunglasses -- i just see nothing when in fact there is moderately bright yellow light or moderately bright green light.

Hi KarishmaB - thank you for your response.
Quick question --> lets say a house light bulb is emintating moderately bright light.

Currently - these cannot see the light eminating from this light bullb because it is too bright for these individuals.

If they put on the sunglassess and look at the house light bulb -- will they see red light only eminating from this light bulb ?

I suppose the house light bulb is eminating RED LIGHT only

jabhatta2
'Cannot see' here does not mean that they are unable to perceive the light and it's all dark to them. They cannot see because the light is too bright so it's all too bright. Imagine standing next to a floodlight and it switches on suddenly. For a few mins, you will not be able to see anything because your surroundings will be too bright. It will take some time for your eyes to adjust.
People with disorder feel the same discomfort with even moderately bright light. It seems too bright around them. The sunglasses filter out the too bright component and they see the red component mainly. I assume that they will a red light everywhere but it doesn't matter to us in either case. All we know is that the light gets dimmed (because the disturbing components are filtered out) so they are able to see.