Critical Reasoning Butler: May 2025 |
May 13 | CR 1 | CR 2 |
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CR 1 The female earless seal has a gestation period that usually spans nine to eleven months, depending on the classification. Each female carries and gives birth to and nurses only one pup at a time. The mother fasts while she is nursing the pup, due to the distance between the breeding ground and the area where the seals feed. As a result, the earless seal mother burns a considerable amount of energy during lactation. During a bad season, as many as three earless seal mothers in a colony will die around three months after giving birth. It is not uncommon, however, for all of the seal pups to survive.
Which of the following, if true, most explains the discrepancy between the number of deaths among the earless seal mothers and lack of deaths among the pups during a bad season?
(A) Female earless seals can nurse two pups at a time, thus ensuring that at least two pups will live.
(B) During a good season, no female earless seals die, and marine biologists note that there have been more good seasons than bad in recent years.
(C) Some of the female earless seals do not give birth during breeding season.
(D) The earless seal pups nurse only for a brief period of time, with the longest nursing period being one month.
(E) Some of the female earless seals will live as long as six months after giving birth, thus guaranteeing that their pups have a better chance of survival.
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CR 2 A local farmer is hoping to establish a certified organic farm but is concerned about the cost of setting it up. A certified organic farm requires far fewer supplies than a non-organic farm, and most of the supplies are less costly in comparison. Also, because an organic farm does not use expensive pesticides or tools, the cost of maintenance is also fairly low in comparison to the maintenance cost of a non-organic farm. But the set-up of the certified organic farm remains expensive, and the farmer is unsure if the return on his investment will justify the cost.
Which of the following statements best explains the farmer’s concern about the high cost of setting up a certified organic farm?
(A) There is little demand in the community for more certified organic food.
(B) More resources are required for establishing a certified organic farm than a non-organic farm.
(C) There are three other certified organic farms in the community that are much larger than the farm the farmer is planning to establish.
(D) The licensing fees for the farmer to acquire certification add considerably to the cost of set-up.
(E) The supplies needed to set up the certified organic farm are unique and must be special ordered.