Sally: I cannot study at a university where there is an alcohol proble

D is the right answer.

Sally's argument:
Premise: I cannot study at a university where there is an alcohol problem.
Conclusion: So unless something is done about the alcohol problem at this university, I’ll have to transfer to a university where there are no fraternities.

Yolanda's argument:
Premise: I don’t agree that fraternities are responsible for the alcohol problem at this university. Alcohol problems exist at all universities, including those where there are no fraternities. We all should become more aware of alcohol abuse.
Conclusion: It’s not simply a fraternity problem; it’s a cultural problem.

We are to determine from the answer choices what Yolanda did in her argument. Simply put, which answer choice mostly mimics the conclusion drawn by Yolanda.

(A) She argues that if people become more aware of alcohol abuse, fewer people will themselves abuse alcohol.
This is incorrect. The conclusion of her argument is that alcohol is not simply a fraternity problem; it's a cultural problem. Based on this conclusion, we are unable to determine whether fewer people will abuse alcohol when they become aware of alcohol abuse.

(B) She makes an overly broad generalization from one university to all universities.
This is incorrect. The conclusion of Yolanda's argument cannot be construed as an overly broad generalization. She did not base her argument on what occurs at one university and generalize it to other universities. We are unsure whether she has specific data, which could be from just one university or from many universities, to support her claim.

(C) She concludes that because alcohol problems are cultural problems, they cannot be fraternity problems.
No, this is not her conclusion. She actually concludes that alcohol is not simply a fraternity problem, it is a cultural problem. From this, we can see that her point is that alcohol may be partly a fraternity problem, but it is more of a cultural problem.

(D) She tries to undermine what she supposes to be Sally’s position by pointing out that alcohol problems occur even at universities where there are no fraternities.
This is correct. She supposes that Sally has the view that universities without fraternities may not have alcohol problems; hence part of the conclusion of Yolanda's argument states that alcohol is not simply a fraternity problem. The other part of her conclusion states that alcohol is a cultural problem, implying that there is an alcohol problem in universities without fraternities.

(E) She suggests that even if alcohol problems existed only at universities with fraternities, she would still conclude that alcoholism is a cultural rather than a fraternity problem.
No, this is not the main point of her argument. From her conclusion, she acknowledged that fraternities also play a role as far as alcoholism in universities is concerned. She only stated that alcohol is mainly a cultural problem and not simply/just/only a fraternity problem.

(A) She argues that if people become more aware of alcohol abuse, fewer people will themselves abuse alcohol.
Out of scope. Because she doesn't talk about the reaction of people after awareness.

(B) She makes an overly broad generalization from one university to all universities.
Incorrect. Only the alcohol problem is generalized across the universities.

(C) She concludes that because alcohol problems are cultural problems, they cannot be fraternity problems.
Meaning changed. 'Not a fraternity problem but a cultural problem' is different from 'cultural problem can't be a fraternity problem.'

(D) She tries to undermine what she supposes to be Sally’s position by pointing out that alcohol problems occur even at universities where there are no fraternities.
Correct Answer.

(E) She suggests that even if alcohol problems existed only at universities with fraternities, she would still conclude that alcoholism is a cultural rather than a fraternity problem
We are not sure of her conclusion in the future.

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What does "She tries to undermine what she supposes to be Sally's position" mean? How can a person supposes to be a position? This language confused me so I picked C instead.

Correct Answer: (D)
Reason: Yolanda attempts to counter Sally’s implied claim that fraternities are responsible for the alcohol problem at the university. She does this by arguing that alcohol problems exist at all universities, even at those without fraternities. This directly challenges the idea that fraternities are uniquely responsible for the issue.

Eliminating the Other Options:
(A) She argues that if people become more aware of alcohol abuse, fewer people will themselves abuse alcohol.
❌ Incorrect: Yolanda does say that "we all should become more aware of alcohol abuse," but she never explicitly claims that this awareness will reduce alcohol abuse. She is making a statement about the nature of the problem rather than arguing for a cause-and-effect solution.

(B) She makes an overly broad generalization from one university to all universities.
❌ Incorrect: Yolanda does generalize about alcohol problems by stating that they exist at all universities, but this is not necessarily an "overly broad" generalization. Her claim that alcohol problems exist even at universities without fraternities is a reasonable counterpoint to Sally’s implication that fraternities are the main cause.

(C) She concludes that because alcohol problems are cultural problems, they cannot be fraternity problems.
❌ Incorrect: Yolanda states that alcohol problems are a cultural issue, but she does not argue that fraternities cannot be part of that cultural problem. She is simply broadening the scope of the discussion rather than excluding fraternities as a contributing factor.

(E) She suggests that even if alcohol problems existed only at universities with fraternities, she would still conclude that alcoholism is a cultural rather than a fraternity problem.
❌ Incorrect: Yolanda never suggests what she would conclude if alcohol problems only existed at fraternity universities. Her argument is based on the fact that alcohol problems exist at all universities, including those without fraternities, rather than on a hypothetical scenario.