Below is a sample of the text from the document. I went through all the Ron videos from 2009 to Dec 2012. These are goldmines for those looking to improve in SC! The very best, I took detailed notes, and almost wrote down word for word everything Ron said. It took a lot of time to go through all the videos but fortunately i wrote everything down so you don't have to. If you are struggling with SC or CR, check out these notes. Very very helpful, and i would recommend going through the videos and trying the questions yourself. The questions are also included with detailed commentary. Its very very important to go through each question in detail and go through all the choices to see what's wrong with each. You learn from every question and take that learning to the next question. After practicing for a few weeks now I am able to get almost 80%-90% of the questions correctly. Which is a huge huge improvement from literally having absolutely no clue at all on where to begin to solve these questions.... Ofcourse I used other sources as well but going through these notes really took it to the next level. Also I highly highly recommend the GmatClub Grammar book which helped me tremendously. One of the best grammar books around. If you haven't read it you MUST read it.
Sorry the CR notes are not that detailed because I just went straight to CR bible and my CR didn't require as much work. Hope you find these useful. I am also going through
OG questions and will post more notes after going through all the questions and outlining all the novel issues that aren't really addressed in often enough but they do show up enough to know....
How do appositives work?
If the
Appositive is
CONCRETE (like a reptile, a consultant) it
MUST modify the PRECEDING NOUN.
IF the
Appositive is
ABSTRACT, it can modify the WHOLE IDRA OF THE PRECEDING CLAUSE. **BUT** if the PRECEDING NOUN is ALSO an abstraction, then these can also modify the preceding noun.
Today’s topics: “including” “based on” “due to” – SC: Appositive modifiers & Statistics
“Based on” – extremely different in spoken language vs written language..
People say “based on” your behaviour last night, I think you’re crazy. This is WRONG.
1)Based on MUST modify a NOUN – Based on _____ subj + verb. - 2) Subj + VERB – OBJ basd on
3) Noun is/was/are/were based on -
DO NOT USE BASED ON in the way its used in spoken language.
-- I am going to make slikes based on students’ submissions. (CORRECT).
Based on the accounts of ancient observers, historians have pieced together a reasonably accurate picture of the original Games. (WRONG! Modifies Historian) (Based on ____, subj + verb , must modify the noun – Historian after comma).
“Due to” – This is another modifier that must modify a noun. The rule, therefore is the same as the aforementioned rule for “based on”.
I have to stay up all night “due to the presentation” that I must finish. (WRONG)Due to has to point to a NOUN - the Noun in this case is NIGHT, so that doesn’t make sense. “Due to the presentation” modifies NIGHT. This does not make sense. Due to can only modify a noun.. It cannot modify a CLAUSE (“I have to stay up all night”).
2 Ways to process “Due to”Due to = caused by. You should be able to make this substitution. If you can’t make this substitution then its wrong.
“I have to stay up all night caused by the presentation that I must finish” Doesn’t WORK.1) The observation deck at the top of the tower was closed due to constructions.
2) Due to the six mile long traffic jam on the freeway, I was two hours late to the meeting. (Wrong) Due to six... modifies (subject) I, this doesn’t make sense. It says “I” am due to the six mile long traffic jam! Wrong. -- “Caused by” the six hour long traffic jam.
From the helicopter, I saw a six-mile traffic jam due to an overturned truck(Correct. Due to modifies (Traffic jam). – traffic jam due to overturned truck.“Because of” modifies an ENTIRE CLAUSE.
Because of this difference – one modifies a clause, while the other modifies a noun. It is IMPOSSIBLE to write a sentence in which both “Due to” and “Because of “...
I was two hours late to the meeting “due to” the six-mile long traffic jam, which was... (This implies that meeting was due to traffic jam). WRONG MEANING.