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Given: School A is 40% girls and school B is 60% girls. The ratio of the number of girls at school A to the number of girls at school B is 4:3. if 20 boys transferred from school A to school B and no other changes took place at the two schools, the new ratio of the number of boys at school A to the number of boys at school B would be 5:3.

Asked: What would the difference between the number of boys at school A and at school B be after the transfer?

Let the total students at school A & school B be a & b respectively

School A is 40% girls and school B is 60% girls.
Number of girls at school A = .4a
Number of girls at school B = .6b

The ratio of the number of girls at school A to the number of girls at school B is 4:3.
.4a/.6b = 4/3
a/b = 2
a = 2b


School ASchool BTotal
Boys.6a=1.2b.4b1.6b
Girls.4a=.8b.6b1.4b
Totala=2bb3b

If 20 boys transferred from school A to school B and no other changes took place at the two schools, the new ratio of the number of boys at school A to the number of boys at school B would be 5:3.

School ASchool BTotal
Boys1.2b-20.4b+201.6b
Girls.8b.6b1.4b
Totala=2bb3b
(1.2b-20)/(.4b+20) = 5/3
3(1.2b-20) = 5(.4b+20)
3.6b - 60 = 2b + 100
1.6b = 160
b = 100


School ASchool BTotal
Boys1.2b-20=100.4b+20=601.6b=160
Girls.8b=80.6b=601.4b=140
Total2b=200b=1003b=300

The difference between the number of boys at school A and at school B be after the transfer = 100 - 60 = 40

IMO B
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School A is 40% girls and school B is 60% girls. The ratio of the number of girls at school A to the number of girls at school B is 4:3. if 20 boys transferred from school A to school B and no other changes took place at the two schools, the new ratio of the number of boys at school A to the number of boys at school B would be 5:3. What would the difference between the number of boys at school A and at school B be after the transfer?

A) 20
B) 40
C) 60
D) 80
E) 100


I love Plugging In. This question is a good example to show that even when it doesn't work, it really does! Check out the pic of my scratch paper...look easier than the algebra?

Let's say School A has 100 students. 40% are girls, so 40 girls and 60 boys.
Agirls:Bgirls is 4:3, so there are 30 girls at School B. School B is 60% girls, so there must be 50 total students and therefore 20 boys.

So we have:
School A: 40 girls and 60 boys
School B: 30 girls and 20 boys

We move 20 boys from A to B, so now we have 40 boys at each. That's a ratio of 1:1. Is that 5:3? Oh no, it's not!!

Hmm, what if we double the sizes of both schools?
Now we have:
School A: 80 girls and 120 boys
School B: 60 girls and 40 boys

We move 20 boys from A to B, so now we have 100 at A and 60 at B. That's a ratio of 5:3. Yay!!
The difference between the numbers of boys is 40.

Answer choice B.

But what if our new numbers also hadn't worked? We'd have had 1:1 from our first set of numbers and some other ratio from our second set. That would have told us whether we were getting farther from the right answer, closer to the right answer, or had gone right past the right answer and need something in between the two trial cases. In any of those scenarios, we probably have enough to select the right answer, and there are no points for making things more complicated!



ThatDudeKnowsPluggingIn
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Here is another method.

Translate the given 1) School A is 40% girls and school B is 60% girls. 2) The ratio of the number of girls at school A to the number of girls at school B is 4:3 into:

40% of A : 60% of B = 4:3

Then we can find the boys ratio before the transfer by finding the ratio of 60% of A : 40% of B

60% of A : 40% of B = (6/4)(40% of A) : (4/6)(60% of B) = (6/4)(4) : (4/6)(3) = 3:1

You can inter that overall amount of boys A and B combined are unchanged before or after the transfer -- the key to solve it quickly.

A B boys ratio before the transfer is 3:1. You can think of a pie slides into 4 pieces (1+3) with 3 slides in A before the transfer.
A B boys ratio after the transfer is 5:3. You can think of a pie slides into 8 pieces (5+3) with 5 slides in A after the transfer.

Set the overall amount of boys A and B combined as x. (whole pie)

(1/3)x - (5/8)x = 20 solve it x=160. (whole pie)

Therefore, the difference between the number of boys at school A and at school B after the transfer is dividing the whole pie into 8 pieces, amount of 5 slides subtracting 3 slides. 160/8=20, 5-3=2, 20*2=40.
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