Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of for

Question

Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty. It is commonly thought that this happens because aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity. However, studies show that a disproportionately large number of the scientists who produce highly creative work beyond the age of forty entered their field at an older age than is usual. Since by the age of forty the large majority of scientists have been working in their field for at least fifteen years, the studies’ finding strongly suggests that the real reason why scientists over forty rarely produce highly creative work is not that they have simply aged but rather that they generally have spent too long in a given field.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

A. The first is the position that the argument as a whole opposes; the second is an objection that has been raised against a position defended in the argument.

B. the first is a claim that has been advanced in support of a position that the argument opposes; the second is a finding that has been used in support of that position.

C. The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a finding that has been used in support of that explanation.

D. The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a finding on which that challenge is based.

E. The first is an explanation that the argument defends; the second is a finding that has been used to challenge that explanation.

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ArunSharma12 · Answer

BF1: it is a claim that goes against the argument
BF2: it is fact presented that supports the argument

A. The first is the position that the argument as a whole opposes; the second is an objection that has been raised against a position defended in the argument.
 first part - correct; second part - BF2 is in support of the position defended in the argument

B. the first is a claim that has been advanced in support of a position that the argument opposes; the second is a finding that has been used in support of that position.
 first part - correct; second part - BF2 is against the position that the argument opposes

C. The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a finding that has been used in support of that explanation.
 first part - fine; second part - BF2 is against the position/explanation challenged in the argument

D. The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a finding on which that challenge is based.
 first part - correct; second part - BF2 is in support of the position/challenge defended in the argument

E. The first is an explanation that the argument defends; the second is a finding that has been used to challenge that explanation.
 first part - BF1 is against the argument defended here; second part - correct 
Ans: D

mSKR · Answer

Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty. It is commonly thought that this happens because aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity. However, studies show that a disproportionately large number of the scientists who produce highly creative work beyond the age of forty entered their field at an older age than is usual. Since by the age of forty the large majority of scientists have been working in their field for at least fifteen years, the studies’ finding strongly suggests that the real reason why scientists over forty rarely produce highly creative work is not that they have simply aged but rather that they generally have spent too long in a given field.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

B1 and B2 - negative with each other
B1: some fact--> whole argument opposes this
B2: another finding---> opposes 1st

A. The first is the position that the argument as a whole opposes; the second is an objection  that has been raised against a position  defended in the argument.
B. the first is a claim that has been advanced in support of a position that the argument opposes;  the second is a finding that has been used in support of that position. 
C. The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a  finding that has been used in support of that explanation. 
D. The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a finding on which that challenge is based.
E. The first is an  explanation that the argument defends;  the second is a finding that has been used to challenge that explanation.

D is the correct answer.

brianmontanaweb · Answer

First we'll read through the argument, the first two sentences include a common misconception, and the meaning of that common misconception that the argument opposes. The second bolded phrase is evidence to support the claim the argument agrees with. The last sentence includes the conclusion "they(scientists) have simply(not) aged but rather that they generally have spent too long in a given field".

E is incorrect since the argument doesn't defend the first phrase.

A is correct about phrase 1 but phrase 2 is not an objection against the position. Nothing is defended in the argument.

B is incorrect since the second phrase doesn't support the position that phrase 1 mentions.

C is incorrect because it does not support the explanation in the first phrase.

D remains since it addresses our concerns in phrase 1 and phrase 2.

KarishmaB · Answer

Situation: Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty. Commonly believed reason for the truth: It is commonly thought that this happens because aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity. Consideration against this reason: However, studies show that a disproportionately large number of the scientists who produce highly creative work beyond the age of forty entered their field at an older age than is usual. By the age of forty the large majority of scientists have been working in their field for at least fifteen years Conclusion: (the reason as per the author) The real reason why scientists over forty rarely produce highly creative work is not that they have simply aged but rather that they generally have spent too long in a given field. Let’s look at the options. (A) The first is the position that the argument as a whole opposes; the second is an objection that has been raised against a position defended in the argument. The argument does oppose what is given in first boldface. But the second boldface supports the position defended in the argument i.e. it supports the conclusion of the argument. Hence, this is not correct. (B) The first is a claim that has been advanced in support of a position that the argument opposes; the second is a finding that has been used in support of that position. The first can be considered a claim (aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity). But it is not supporting any position that the argument is opposing. The argument is opposing the claim itself that aging brings about the loss of creative capacity. (C) The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a finding that has been used in support of that explanation. The first is an explanation that the argument challenges. The second is a finding that has been used to oppose that explanation. It is not used in support of that explanation (D) The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is a finding on which that challenge is based. This is correct. The first is an explanation that the argument challenges. The second is a finding from the studies on which that challenge is based. (E) The first is an explanation that the argument defends; the second is a finding that has been used to challenge that explanation. The argument does not defend what is given in the first boldface. Answer (D) Discussion on Boldface Questions: https://youtu.be/U57vXdqujkY

VerbalBot · Answer

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Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of for

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Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of for

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