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I am very confused as to how I can differentiate between when something is a cause and effect (no parallelism -->normally use , -ing) and a sequence of actions (use parallelism).
For example:
Scientists have found signs that moving water changed the chemical makeup of the surface of Mars in recent eras, therefore concluding that its crust is harboring up to three times as much water than was previously thought.
NOTE: (in the question the underlined part goes form 'therefore' until 'than' (incl. than).
So, here the structure was changed to parallel because the conclusion they took was a sequence of actions, but is it also not an effect (cause = found water moving) so why is it not: , -ing (not parallel). This is only an example i just want to know how i differentiate between sequences of actions and cause & effect.
Thank you!
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I am very confused as to how I can differentiate between when something is a cause and effect (no parallelism -->normally use , -ing) and a sequence of actions (use parallelism).
For example:
Scientists have found signs that moving water changed the chemical makeup of the surface of Mars in recent eras, therefore concluding that its crust is harboring up to three times as much water than was previously thought.
NOTE: (in the question the underlined part goes form 'therefore' until 'than' (incl. than).
So, here the structure was changed to parallel because the conclusion they took was a sequence of actions, but is it also not an effect (cause = found water moving) so why is it not: , -ing (not parallel). This is only an example i just want to know how i differentiate between sequences of actions and cause & effect.
Cause-effect, with -ing form, usually preceded by comma (immediately), which refers to the same noun as the verb refers in the previous clause. If -ing form is not followed by comma and without helping verb, then it refers back to immediately preceding noun. In your example, moving refers to the signs whereas is harboring act as verb. Cause-effect, ing form, can be expressed in lists to check parallelism rules using conjunctions, and/but/or etc. I think the example is not checking the parallelism rather comparison & modifiers. It would be better if you provide complete example with options.
Regards
Archived Topic
Hi there,
This topic has been closed and archived due to inactivity or violation of community quality standards. No more replies are possible here.
Where to now? Join ongoing discussions on thousands of quality questions in our Verbal Questions Forum
Still interested in this question? Check out the "Best Topics" block above for a better discussion on this exact question, as well as several more related questions.