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# Set Q consists of the following five numbers

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Magoosh GMAT Instructor
Joined: 28 Dec 2011
Posts: 4488
Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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25 Feb 2013, 14:49
4
9
00:00

Difficulty:

85% (hard)

Question Stats:

47% (01:57) correct 53% (01:56) wrong based on 297 sessions

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Set Q consists of the following five numbers: Q = {5, 8, 13, 21, 34}. Which of the following sets has the same standard deviation as Set Q?

I. {35, 38, 43, 51, 64}
II. {10, 16, 26, 42, 68}
III. {46, 59, 67, 72, 75}

(A) I only
(B) I & II
(C) I & III
(D) II & III
(E) I, II, & III

For a detailed explanation of everything you need to understand about Standard Deviation for the GMAT, as well as a solution to this particular question, see
http://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/standard-d ... -the-gmat/

Mike

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Mike McGarry
Magoosh Test Prep

Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. — William Butler Yeats (1865 – 1939)

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Re: Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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25 Feb 2013, 21:36
4
1
mikemcgarry wrote:
Set Q consists of the following five numbers: Q = {5, 8, 13, 21, 34}. Which of the following sets has the same standard deviation as Set Q?

I. {35, 38, 43, 51, 64}
II. {10, 16, 26, 42, 68}
III. {46, 59, 67, 72, 75}

(A) I only
(B) I & II
(C) I & III
(D) II & III
(E) I, II, & III

For a detailed explanation of everything you need to understand about Standard Deviation for the GMAT, as well as a solution to this particular question, see
http://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/standard-d ... -the-gmat/

Mike

(1) Multiplying all the numbers change Standard Deviation
(2) Adding and subtracting all the numbers with the same number keeps the standard deviation same.
If you observe Set I and III are added versions of Set Q .
Set I: 5 has been added to the Set Q
Set III: Subtract each element from 80 and you would find a number there in the Set Q.
Set II: elements are multiplied by 2 and standard deviation changes.

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Pushpinder Gill

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Re: Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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06 Sep 2016, 03:26
Bunuel Can you help us with a way as to how do we tackle such questions?
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Posts: 50619
Re: Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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06 Sep 2016, 03:47
Keats wrote:
Bunuel Can you help us with a way as to how do we tackle such questions?

Please try to be a little bit more specific. For example, what part of the following solution is not clear: set-q-consists-of-the-following-five-numbers-147917.html#p1187415
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Re: Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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06 Sep 2016, 09:48
1
Keats wrote:
Bunuel Can you help us with a way as to how do we tackle such questions?

Dear Keats,

I will echo his concern. My friend, one of the habits of excellence is asking excellent questions. When you ask a vague one-line question, the presupposition behind that question is that responsibility for the process of education lies with the expert asked, in this case, Bunuel. In fact, 100% of the responsibility for your learning lies with you. One tangible way to demonstrate this responsibility is to ask thorough and detailed questions that make explicitly clear exactly what you understand and exactly what you don't understand. See:

Wishing you excellence, my friend.

Mike
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Mike McGarry
Magoosh Test Prep

Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. — William Butler Yeats (1865 – 1939)

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Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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26 Oct 2016, 14:38
Bunuel

Set Q consists of the following five numbers: Q = {5, 8, 13, 21, 34}. Which of the following sets has the same standard deviation as Set Q?

I. {35, 38, 43, 51, 64}
II. {10, 16, 26, 42, 68}
III. {46, 59, 67, 72, 75}

S.D. remains same if we add/subtract a constant number from each element of the set. In Q = {5, 8, 13, 21, 34} , we are trying to subtract each of the element of Q from 80
80 - 5 = 75
80 - 8 = 72
80 - 13 = 67
80 - 21 = 59
80 - 34 = 46

Is it a right way to do this? What I know is that you add or subtract elements to set Q. Not the other way!
Current Student
Joined: 28 Nov 2014
Posts: 865
Concentration: Strategy
Schools: Fisher '19 (M)
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Re: Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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26 Oct 2016, 14:47
Also, Bunuel Can you please share a link, if any, for such problems?Thanks.
Magoosh GMAT Instructor
Joined: 28 Dec 2011
Posts: 4488
Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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26 Oct 2016, 15:33
1
2
Keats wrote:
Set Q consists of the following five numbers: Q = {5, 8, 13, 21, 34}. Which of the following sets has the same standard deviation as Set Q?

I. {35, 38, 43, 51, 64}
II. {10, 16, 26, 42, 68}
III. {46, 59, 67, 72, 75}

S.D. remains same if we add/subtract a constant number from each element of the set. In Q = {5, 8, 13, 21, 34} , we are trying to subtract each of the element of Q from 80
80 - 5 = 75
80 - 8 = 72
80 - 13 = 67
80 - 21 = 59
80 - 34 = 46

Is it a right way to do this? What I know is that you add or subtract elements to set Q. Not the other way!

Dear Keats,

My friend, I'm happy to respond. I see you have requested the genius Bunuel, but I can help: I'm the author of this question.

One way to recognize that III is correct is to see the pattern of subtraction from 80. That's one way to do it, but not the only way.

Think about this. Look at at set Q = {5, 8, 13, 21, 34}. Subtract adjacent numbers to get the pattern of spacing between the numbers: 3-5-8-13. Those are the spaces between the individual data points.
Now, look at the pattern of spacing in III {46, 59, 67, 72, 75}--it's 13-8-5-3. That's the same pattern in reverse. In other words, the basic pattern of spacing in Q and III is the same. If the data points are spaced the same, it doesn't matter where they are on the number line, they have the same standard deviation.

This blog has two more practice problems on Standard Deviation:
Standard Deviation on the GMAT

Does this make sense?
Mike
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Mike McGarry
Magoosh Test Prep

Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. — William Butler Yeats (1865 – 1939)

Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Posts: 50619
Re: Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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26 Oct 2016, 21:31
1
Keats wrote:
Also, Bunuel Can you please share a link, if any, for such problems?Thanks.

Check below:

Hope it helps.
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Current Student
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Posts: 865
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Re: Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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26 Oct 2016, 23:57
mikemcgarry wrote:

Dear Keats,

My friend, I'm happy to respond. I see you have requested the genius Bunuel, but I can help: I'm the author of this question.

One way to recognize that III is correct is to see the pattern of subtraction from 80. That's one way to do it, but not the only way.

Think about this. Look at at set Q = {5, 8, 13, 21, 34}. Subtract adjacent numbers to get the pattern of spacing between the numbers: 3-5-8-13. Those are the spaces between the individual data points.
Now, look at the pattern of spacing in III {46, 59, 67, 72, 75}--it's 13-8-5-3. That's the same pattern in reverse. In other words, the basic pattern of spacing in Q and III is the same. If the data points are spaced the same, it doesn't matter where they are on the number line, they have the same standard deviation.

This blog has two more practice problems on Standard Deviation:
Standard Deviation on the GMAT

Does this make sense?
Mike

Wohoo!! This is awesome to learn. It just simplifies. Thank You mikemcgarry. +1Kudos!
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Re: Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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09 Nov 2016, 18:44
Another approach is to look at the sequence of differences between the numbers in the set and look for them in the other 3 sets, regardless of the order.

Q = {5, 8, 13, 21, 34}. Differences goes as 3 ,5 ,8, 13

I. {35, 38, 43, 51, 64} --> 3 ,5 ,8, 13 --> Same Std Dev.
II. {10, 16, 26, 42, 68} --> 6, 10, 16, 26 --> Different Std Dev.
III. {46, 59, 67, 72, 75} --> 13, 8, 5, 3 --> Same Std Dev.

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Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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14 Dec 2017, 17:18
niks18

Can you explain why are we focusing on patterns by difference between two adjacent no?
As per my understanding the SD should be approx difference of each no from mean.

Also note that adding / subtracting same integer will not change SD, but here we are adding
different numbers to the list. How can this be a conclusive factor to determine same SD?
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Set Q consists of the following five numbers  [#permalink]

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15 Dec 2017, 20:03
niks18

Can you explain why are we focusing on patterns by difference between two adjacent no?
As per my understanding the SD should be approx difference of each no from mean.

Also note that adding / subtracting same integer will not change SD, but here we are adding
different numbers to the list. How can this be a conclusive factor to determine same SD?

At first I would suggest that you keep the property in mind as explained by mikemcgarry in his earlier post. it will save you from unnecessary calculation.

As you rightly mentioned that adding / subtracting same integer will not change SD. There is another property which says if you multiply each element of the set by $$k$$, then you multiply the standard deviation by $$|k|$$ (remember SD is always positive because it is square root of variance. Variance is the average of the squares of difference between each element and mean, so variance will always be positive)

Set Q {5, 8, 13, 21, 34}. let's assume it's SD is $$d$$

Set I, I hope is clear to you as you have used the addition property.

Set III {46, 59, 67, 72, 75}

Now add $$-80$$ to each element of the set, you will get {-34,-21,-13,-8,-5}. Re-arrange (if may like to do so to see a pattern, otherwise not required) {-5,-8,-13,-21,-34}

This is same as set Q multiplied by $$-1$$, so SD of this set will be $$d*|-1|=d=$$ same as set Q

so we can also derive that if basic pattern of spacing between adjacent element of two sets are same then SD will be equal.

This question tests basically few properties of SD which you can easily deduce if you know the STEP TO CALCULATE SD of a given set
Set Q consists of the following five numbers &nbs [#permalink] 15 Dec 2017, 20:03
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