Zarrolou wrote:
shaileshmishra wrote:
first of all we can see that in non underlined portion we can see a COMMA before and...hence a independent clause must be there after and.
?????
Official question #1:
Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi, in the form of carbon dioxide
, and converting it to energy-rich sugars.
Official question #2:The Iroquois were primarily planters,
but supplementing their cultivation of maize, squash
, and beans with fishing and hunting.
Official question #3:
Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it. is finding uses in medicine, archaeology
, and criminology.
Comma + and does not introduce an IC in all those examples.
hi,
sorry i was not very clear...
there are 3 ways we can use and
x and y===>list of two things....usage 1
x,y,and y===>list of 3 things..so you need a comma before when you have a list of more than 2 things.............usage 2
X,and Y===>in this case ==>X AND Y ARE ICs....=>my intention was to point out this category.......usage 3
your example:
Official question #1:
Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi, in the form of carbon dioxide, and converting it to energy-rich sugars.
highlited part is modifier...they are supposed to be kept in between commas...if you remove the modifier..
then it becomes===Official question #1: Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than are fungi and converting it to energy-rich sugars.===>satisfying usage 1.
list of 2 things.
Official question #2:The Iroquois were primarily planters,but supplementing their cultivation of maize, squash, and beans with fishing and hunting.==>satisfying usage 2==>list of more than 2 things.
Official question #3: [u]Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance without destroying it. is finding uses in medicine, archaeology
, and criminology.===>again satisfying usage 2...list of more than 2 things..
Since February, the Federal Reserve has raised its short-term interest rate target five times, and because of the economy’s continued strength, analysts have been predicting for weeks that the target will be raised again in November.
=====>here there is no list ,,we have a complete clause an IC...BEFORE AND..so a IC is required after and....==>usage 3
hope it helps....
well for further understanding..read below an excerpt of MANHATTAN SC GUIDE.
Whenever you see and in a GMAT sentence, look for the list and count the items. GMAT
sentences have been observed to include as many as four items in a list connected by and.
List
XandY
X, Y, and Z
X, Y, Z, andW
Examples
Apples AND pears
Apples, pears, AriD bananas
Apples, pears, bananas, AND peaches
Correct lists obey these templates. No right answer omits and in a list just before the last
item. Moreover, the GMAT always inserts a comma before the and in lists of 3 or 4 items.
However, if you join 2 clauses with and, you can put an optional comma before the and.
Doing so is especially recommended when the clauses are long, independent, or both.
List of Clauses
X, and Y
Example
I really like candy apples, AND I eat them often.
HOPE IT HELPS....