Since February, the Federal Reserve has raised its short-term interest rate target five times, and because of the economy’s continued strength, analysts have been predicting for weeks that the target will be raised again in November.

A. because of the economy’s continued strength, analysts have been predicting for weeks that the target will
Correct, but wordy.
B. with the economy’s strength continuing, analysts predicted for weeks that the target
Incorrect. "Analysts predicted with the economy" sounds as they predicted something together (analysts + economy).
C. because the economy continues strong, analysts predicted for weeks that the target would
Incorrect. Because x continues strong, analysts continue predicting. This structure demands a progressive tense.
D. due to the economy’s continued strength, analysts have been predicting for weeks that the target
Incorrect. "due" to is an adjective, so the real meaning here is: they are analysts because of the economy's continued strength, what is just wrong.
E. due to the fact of the economy’s continued strength, analysts predicted for weeks that the target will
Incorrect. "due" to is an adjective, so the real meaning here is: they are analysts because of the economy's continued strength, what is just wrong.

Going with A. Wordy but fine.

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