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Since OakLodge members of the current generation have determined that the esteemed founder of OakLodge was obsessed with cleanliness, they recently passed a resolution making it an expellable offense to fail three sanitation inspections in any six month period.

(A) Since OakLodge members of the current generation have determined that the esteemed founder of OakLodge was obsessed with cleanliness,
(B) Since an obsession with cleanliness by the esteemed founder of OakLodge was determined by members of the current generation,
(C) Members of the current generation, having determined the esteemed founder of OakLodge to be obsessed with cleanliness,
(D) Due to the fact that the esteemed founder of OakLodge was obsessed with cleanliness as determined by members of the current generation,
(E) To have determined the esteemed founder of OakLodge to be obsessed with cleanliness, members of the current generation


AaronPond, VeritasKarishma, VeritasPrepBrian, VeritasPrepRon,

Hello Veritas team,

I have question about option A. As per option A, Since members have determined something, they passed a resolution.

shouldn't it be they HAVE passed something ....

Note that both actions are of recent past - 'have determined' and 'recently passed' - and that makes sense.
Also, "passed" is in the non-underlined part so we cannot decide what to do about it.
The use of present perfect with determined makes sense because it is relevant now too. If I have found out something, I know it now too.
'passing of the resolution' is complete hence simple past works.
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