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Updated on: 18 Nov 2023, 05:34
Originally posted by Sajjad1994 on 09 Mar 2021, 07:30.
Last edited by BottomJee on 18 Nov 2023, 05:34, edited 3 times in total.
Last edited by BottomJee on 18 Nov 2023, 05:34, edited 3 times in total.
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Women who have graduated college make up less than half of the total number of women aged 18 or older.: Can Be Concluded
The average woman aged 18 or older eats more servings of fruit than vegetables.: Cannot Be Concluded
Women over the age of 18 without a high school diploma are more than 50% more likely to eat fruit than to eat vegetables in a given day.: Cannot Be Concluded
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1. Determine whether the following conclusions can be drawn based on the information displayed in the graph.
Attachment:
2.jpg [ 60.58 KiB | Viewed 5470 times ]
| Can Be Concluded | Cannot Be Concluded | |
| Women who have graduated college make up less than half of the total number of women aged 18 or older. | ||
| The average woman aged 18 or older eats more servings of fruit than vegetables. | ||
| Women over the age of 18 without a high school diploma are more than 50% more likely to eat fruit than to eat vegetables in a given day. |
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Official Answer
Women who have graduated college make up less than half of the total number of women aged 18 or older.: Can Be Concluded
The average woman aged 18 or older eats more servings of fruit than vegetables.: Cannot Be Concluded
Women over the age of 18 without a high school diploma are more than 50% more likely to eat fruit than to eat vegetables in a given day.: Cannot Be Concluded
11 Mar 2021, 03:38
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kntombat
Official Explanation
1) Can be concluded. Using weighted average strategy, you can see that if College Graduates were more than half the total pool, then the actual average number of women who ate fruit twice or more per day would be closer to 41.2 (the average for college graduates) than to 32.0 (the lowest of the other groups). But the weighted average of 36.1 is closer to 32.0 (4.1 away) than to 41.2 (5.1 away), so it can be concluded that the College Graduate category is less than half of the total.
This methodology works in this case because the other two groups (Less than High School and Some College) have metrics that are closer to College Graduates. In using the Weighted Average strategy using only the lowest metric (32.0), you're essentially saying "in the worst case scenario, in which the 41.2 figure of College graduates gets 'no help' from the middle categories - if those categories had approximately zero members - the weighted average is closer to the lowest number than to the highest number." Since the two "middle" categories, if they had more than a negligible number of people, would only serve to increase that "worst case" weighted average, you can conclude that College Graduates do not make up more than half the total pool. If they did, the weighted average would certainly be at least halfway between the College Graduate 41.2 figure and the lowest of the other figures, 32.0.
2) Cannot be concluded. Interestingly on this graph, the consumption levels (2 servings of fruit vs. 3 servings of vegetables) are different. So although more women meet the fruit cutoff for display on the graph, you don't know whether many other women ate 2 but not 3 servings of vegetables, or what happens after the 2 servings of fruit/3 servings of vegetables thresholds (perhaps those who eat 2 or more of fruit usually stop at 2, but those who eat 3 or more of vegetables often go up to 5 or 6 servings). Therefore, this conclusion cannot be logically drawn.
3) Cannot be concluded. Similar to #2, this conclusion goes further than what the graph can prove. The graph only counts the 2+ threshold for fruit and the 3+ threshold for vegetables, but this conclusion speaks to even one serving of each, for which you simply do not have data.
Answers:
Can Be Concluded, Cannot Be Concluded and Cannot Be Concluded
1) Can be concluded. Using weighted average strategy, you can see that if College Graduates were more than half the total pool, then the actual average number of women who ate fruit twice or more per day would be closer to 41.2 (the average for college graduates) than to 32.0 (the lowest of the other groups). But the weighted average of 36.1 is closer to 32.0 (4.1 away) than to 41.2 (5.1 away), so it can be concluded that the College Graduate category is less than half of the total.
This methodology works in this case because the other two groups (Less than High School and Some College) have metrics that are closer to College Graduates. In using the Weighted Average strategy using only the lowest metric (32.0), you're essentially saying "in the worst case scenario, in which the 41.2 figure of College graduates gets 'no help' from the middle categories - if those categories had approximately zero members - the weighted average is closer to the lowest number than to the highest number." Since the two "middle" categories, if they had more than a negligible number of people, would only serve to increase that "worst case" weighted average, you can conclude that College Graduates do not make up more than half the total pool. If they did, the weighted average would certainly be at least halfway between the College Graduate 41.2 figure and the lowest of the other figures, 32.0.
2) Cannot be concluded. Interestingly on this graph, the consumption levels (2 servings of fruit vs. 3 servings of vegetables) are different. So although more women meet the fruit cutoff for display on the graph, you don't know whether many other women ate 2 but not 3 servings of vegetables, or what happens after the 2 servings of fruit/3 servings of vegetables thresholds (perhaps those who eat 2 or more of fruit usually stop at 2, but those who eat 3 or more of vegetables often go up to 5 or 6 servings). Therefore, this conclusion cannot be logically drawn.
3) Cannot be concluded. Similar to #2, this conclusion goes further than what the graph can prove. The graph only counts the 2+ threshold for fruit and the 3+ threshold for vegetables, but this conclusion speaks to even one serving of each, for which you simply do not have data.
Answers:
Can Be Concluded, Cannot Be Concluded and Cannot Be Concluded
General Discussion
24 Jun 2024, 14:06
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KarishmaB MartyMurray chetan2u Would you like to elaborate on the first highlighted part ? I dnt get it . I think the second highlighted part is sufficient to conclude that the second statement cant be concluded. GMATinsight
Sajjad1994
