The government has no right to tax earnings from labor. Taxation of

Question

The government has no right to tax earnings from labor. Taxation of this kind requires the laborer to devote a certain percentage of hours worked to earning money for the government. Thus, such taxation forces the laborer to work, in part, for another’s purpose. Since involuntary servitude can be defined as forced work for another’s purpose, just as involuntary servitude is pernicious, so is taxing earnings from labor.

The argument uses which one of the following argumentative techniques?

(A) deriving a general principle about the rights of individuals from a judgment concerning the obligations of governments

(B) inferring what will be time case merely from a description of what once was the case

(C) inferring that since two institutions are similar in one respect they are similar in another respect

(D) citing the authority of an economic theory in order to justify a moral principle

(E) presupposing the inevitability of a hierarchical class system in order to oppose a given economic practice

amp0201 · Answer

(A) deriving a general principle about the rights of individuals from a judgment concerning the obligations of governments
 -- No where the author point is about the individual's rights. Hence cannot be a correct answer choice.

(B) inferring what will be time case merely from a description of what once was the case
  -- Irrelevant. Hence not a correct answer choice.

(C) inferring that since two institutions are similar in one respect they are similar in another respect
  -- Taxations and involuntary servitude are the two institutions. Since both are similar in aspect of forced labor, author inferred / concluded both are pernicious. Hence C is a correct answer choice.

(D) citing the authority of an economic theory in order to justify a moral principle
  -- Economic theory? Irrelevant.

(E) presupposing the inevitability of a hierarchical class system in order to oppose a given economic practice
  -- It is trying to oppose economic theory, but there is no presupposition.

Thank You.
Akhil M.Parekh

vijaisingh2001 · Answer

(1) 
no right to tax labor earning,

labor devotes some time for government

thus such taxation forces labor to work "in part"   for another's purpose

(2)

since INVOULANTRY SERVITUDE can be defined as forced work   for another's purpose

both INVOULANTRY SERVITUDE and TAXING are harmful

===============================================================

BOTH TAXING and INVOULANTRY SERVITUDE has something in common- both force to work for another's purpose

authors concludes that both are pernicious (harmful)

choice C SAYS THAT

(C) inferring that since two institutions ( TAXING AND INVOULANTRY SERVITUDE)  are similar in one 
respect  (both force to work for another's purpose)  they are similar in another respect  (both are pernicious (harmful)

warriorguy · Answer

I think it is down to options A and C.

(A) deriving a general principle about the rights of individuals from a judgment concerning the obligations of governments
 - It does not derive a general principle about rights of individuals but derives that the practice is harmful. It draws an analogy between two statements.

(C) inferring that since two institutions are similar in one respect they are similar in another respect

- Correct. It derives a relationship between two cases and draws an inference from that.

sayan640 · Answer

Two institutions that are discussed here are 1. Involuntary servitude 2. Taxing earnings from labor.
Involuntary servitude and taxing earnings from labor are similar in the aspect that both are forced work for another's purpose. Since both are similar in this respect ,
we are concluding that they are similar in another respect too i.e both are pernicious.

Option C is the correct answer.
Please give kudos if you liked my explanation.

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VerbalBot · Answer

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The government has no right to tax earnings from labor. Taxation of

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