sayakgoswami01
Post-hypnotic suggestion has also been used to induce directed, or lucid, dreaming. Although no distinctive physiological states have yet been linked to lucid dreaming, making it difficult for researchers to determine when subjects are experiencing it, thus, the option 1 and 2 can also be linked for the question 2....
and i am unable to connect the answer for question 3 , as the passage has enumerated that the drams are beyond regular boundaries the how we are supposed to eliminate options B and select D instead ??
For Q2, watch the difference between "states" and "changes." The passage says that lucid dreaming isn't link to DISTINCTIVE STATES: in other words, it doesn't seem to be a special state of being that is clearly different from other states, such as REM sleep or a coma. However, in that same sentence, the author goes on to say that it IS associated with physiological changes (breathing, etc.), so (I) is directly contradicted. As for (II), the idea of "directly related" is just too strong. If SOME people have gotten sick after eating carrots, can we say "Carrots are directly related to illness"? That's just not supported.
For Q3, B is too general. We aren't looking for something that sums up the findings of the entire passage. We want something that connects directly to the author's train of thought at the very end of the passage. Because B starts with "consequently," in fact, it should describe something that is a direct consequence of what was just said, and that isn't what we get. They author ends by saying that dreams can help us go past current ideas of what's possible. But that in itself doesn't say anything about the wide range or applicability of dreams. Those are things we've seen in the earlier paragraphs, in which dreams helped with everything from benzene to Billy Joel songs. Answer D, on the other hand, builds on the specific idea of thinking past current boundaries to stress the importance of this last point.