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Question 1
C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
95%
(hard)
Question Stats:
11% (01:54) correct
89%
(02:33) wrong
based on 196
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 2
C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
55%
(hard)
Question Stats:
51% (01:14) correct 49%
(01:22) wrong
based on 187
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 3
E
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
55%
(hard)
Question Stats:
54% (01:06) correct 46%
(01:03) wrong
based on 177
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
The term teleology refers to the doctrine that things in nature have a final purpose. Thus, an eye is for seeing, a walk for health, a house for shelter, and a book for reading. Little t teleology so conceived, though, mustn’t be confused with big t Teleology, according to which the whole of nature is either progressing, by virtue of some world-historical or cosmic force, toward some overarching purpose or is already the embodiment of some divine plan.
That teleology needn’t entail Teleology is a cornerstone of evolutionary theory. From the moment that organic life first appeared on Earth some 4.5 billion years ago, natural selection has been an inexorable, unceasing, and entirely mindless process of winnowing and sifting through a set of design plans. The geological record is littered with plant and animal species falling extinct under the pressures of climatic and geographical changes. Only those designs that natural selection has blindly hit upon and that have worked, designs that are well adapted to the specific environment and that therefore confer upon certain organisms or certain species some ostensible advantage, will be inheritable by their progeny. This implies that there is no Higher End, no Higher Purpose that governs the actions of intelligent and unintelligent life, only local purposes fitting into the materialist picture of “selfish genes” seeking to pass on genetic information to their descendants ad infinitum. There is therefore no Teleology from on high, only teleology all the way down.
That teleology needn’t entail Teleology is a cornerstone of evolutionary theory. From the moment that organic life first appeared on Earth some 4.5 billion years ago, natural selection has been an inexorable, unceasing, and entirely mindless process of winnowing and sifting through a set of design plans. The geological record is littered with plant and animal species falling extinct under the pressures of climatic and geographical changes. Only those designs that natural selection has blindly hit upon and that have worked, designs that are well adapted to the specific environment and that therefore confer upon certain organisms or certain species some ostensible advantage, will be inheritable by their progeny. This implies that there is no Higher End, no Higher Purpose that governs the actions of intelligent and unintelligent life, only local purposes fitting into the materialist picture of “selfish genes” seeking to pass on genetic information to their descendants ad infinitum. There is therefore no Teleology from on high, only teleology all the way down.
1. According to the passage, the principal difference between teleology and Teleology could be understood in terms of the difference between
A. quality and quantity
B. example and concept
C. property and object
D. cause and effect
E. part and whole
A. quality and quantity
B. example and concept
C. property and object
D. cause and effect
E. part and whole
2. The primary purpose of the passage is to show how
A. new species come into being through a process called natural selection
B. evolution represents a change in our comprehension of all forms of life
C. evolution through a set of randomly generated, rather than intentional, procedures is possible
D. intelligent and sentient creatures are the inevitable results of natural selection
E. absolute ignorance works to create living beings much in the same way that absolute wisdom does
A. new species come into being through a process called natural selection
B. evolution represents a change in our comprehension of all forms of life
C. evolution through a set of randomly generated, rather than intentional, procedures is possible
D. intelligent and sentient creatures are the inevitable results of natural selection
E. absolute ignorance works to create living beings much in the same way that absolute wisdom does
3. Which of the following does the passage cite as a component of evolutionary theory?
I. the fact that Teleology is not necessary for teleology
II. the extinctions of many species
III. the lack of a Higher Purpose for living organisms’ behavior
A. I Only
B. III Only
C. I and III Only
D. II and III Only
E. I, II, and III
I. the fact that Teleology is not necessary for teleology
II. the extinctions of many species
III. the lack of a Higher Purpose for living organisms’ behavior
A. I Only
B. III Only
C. I and III Only
D. II and III Only
E. I, II, and III
RC Butler 2023 - Practice Two RC Passages Everyday.
Passage # 269 Date: 08 Aug-2023
This question is part of RC Butler 2023. Click here for Details
Passage # 269 Date: 08 Aug-2023
This question is part of RC Butler 2023. Click here for Details
Kaplan GRE Prep 2018
11 Aug 2023, 22:16
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Official Explanation
1. According to the passage, the principal difference between teleology and Teleology could be understood in terms of the difference between
Explanation
The difference between teleology and Teleology is mentioned in the first paragraph. To paraphrase, Teleology is the idea that nature is progressing toward something, and teleology is the idea that nature progresses by means of something. From here you can begin to look at the options for answers.
(A) quality and quantity do not make sense based on your predicted answer— there is no sense of amount in either concept.
(B) example and concept and (E) part and whole are both inadequate—it may be tempting based on the phrase “teleology so conceived, though, mustn’t be confused with.” However, this does not suggest that teleology is a type of Teleology.
(C) property and object is a good choice—teleology is something possessed within nature, and Teleology is its goal.
(D) cause and effect also fails to properly describe the relation between the two, suggesting that teleology is a part of a larger Teleology. The passage describes the two as separate ideas, not one as a type of the other.
Answer: C
Explanation
The difference between teleology and Teleology is mentioned in the first paragraph. To paraphrase, Teleology is the idea that nature is progressing toward something, and teleology is the idea that nature progresses by means of something. From here you can begin to look at the options for answers.
(A) quality and quantity do not make sense based on your predicted answer— there is no sense of amount in either concept.
(B) example and concept and (E) part and whole are both inadequate—it may be tempting based on the phrase “teleology so conceived, though, mustn’t be confused with.” However, this does not suggest that teleology is a type of Teleology.
(C) property and object is a good choice—teleology is something possessed within nature, and Teleology is its goal.
(D) cause and effect also fails to properly describe the relation between the two, suggesting that teleology is a part of a larger Teleology. The passage describes the two as separate ideas, not one as a type of the other.
Answer: C
