To the uninitiated, the world of intellectual property often appears

To the uninitiated, the world of intellectual property often appears an impenetrable collision of legal, scientific and economic themes. Indeed, the study of intellectual property draws from these three disciplines in a way that our educational and philosophical systems struggle to reconcile. Technically-expert lawyers, scientists and economists find it equally difficult to adopt a holistic overview and to look beyond their specialized field. Whilst Patent Offices have recently intensified their efforts to be more accessible, publishing readable introductions to the very basic terms of intellectual property, and guides to initial patent application, these laudable efforts fail to penetrate the heart of the problem as we see it: the connection of legal procedure, beyond its mere application, with technological development and the business strategy that drives it.

1. Which of the following most accurately describes the structure of the passage?

(A) It summarizes what “intellectual property” can be.
(B) It briefly explains the process of applying for a patent.
(C) It suggests further reading about patent law.
(D) It reveals the ways in which the legal, scientific, and economic themes are at work in intellectual property.
(E) It summarizes attempts to fix a problem before asserting that the problem is not yet fixed.

2. According to the passage, what is one of the ways Patent Offices have tried to be more accessible?

(A) By combing the legal, scientific and economic themes of their work.
(B) By producing guides to initial patent application.
(C) By better explaining their legal procedures.
(D) By accepting that they are part of intellectual property laws.
(E) By improving economic development.

3. Which of the following statements best captures the main point of the passage?

(A) The world of intellectual property is very complicated.
(B) Intellectual property is an important field of study.
(C) More Patent Offices should publish guides to their application processes.
(D) Intellectual property management must do a better job of connecting legal procedure with technological development and business strategy.
(E) Without a business strategy, intellectual property management is inert.

4. Which of the following most closely matches the meaning of holistic (Highlighted) as used in the passage?

(A) Wholistic
(B) Organic
(C) Of a whole, more than the sum of its parts
(D) Reductive, of a smaller number
(E) Unusual

5. What can we infer about the authors’ objective in writing this passage?

(A) They feel most intellectual property lawyers should be retrained into a different area of practice.
(B) They feel that Patent Offices have made no real attempts to be helpful to outsiders.
(C) They see intellectual property management as a worthless field.
(D) They will have further suggestions about how intellectual property management can be approached.
(E) They feel that most intellectual property managers are incompetent.

6. Which of the following most closely resembles the organization used in the passage?

(A) Zoos are not very well understood. Zookeepers, administrators, and veterinarians have to work together at a zoo, but often they are unable to see how their efforts appear to visitors to the zoo, even after making efforts to make the zoo accessible. Their efforts need to be combined better.
(B) People who file for patents often do not understand the process for doing so, even when supplied with information about how to go about it. The information provided must be improved.
(C) A good education for a teenager is the result of teachers, administrators, and the student him- or herself working togetherto understand how best to move forward.
(D) Many people who feel that they understand the practice of law quite well are, in fact, deluded. The American legal system is extraordinarily complex, and most Americans have not even made the basic effort to understand it.
(E) The well-being of beach-goers depends on the efforts of lifeguards, the police patrolling, and the intelligence of the beach-goers themselves. However, in an emergency situation on the beach, the lifeguard is always the first to respond and his or her authority must be accepted.