For statement 1) how can we conclude from 0.9s = 0.6i which is bigger? if we don't know the absolute values ?
edwin.que
When a certain drug was administered to a group of patients, some patients showed improvement and some patients experienced side effects. If at least 10 patients experienced side effects and 60 percent of the patients who showed improvements also experienced side effects, did more patients in the group show improvement than experience side effects?
(1) 90 percent of the patients in the group showed improvement.
(2) 90 percent of the patients in the group who experienced side effects also showed improvement.
We can plot the information given in the question over a 2*2 matrix as shown below -
Attachment:
Screenshot 2023-11-02 122628.png
- Number of people who show improvement = \(i \)
- Number of people who show side-effects = \(s\)
- Number of patients = \(p\)
Question: \(i > s\) = ?
Let's start with Statement 2
Statement 2(2) 90 percent of the patients in the group who experienced side effects also showed improvement.Hence, we can infer that 0.9s = 0.6i
\(\frac{s}{i} =\frac{6}{9}\)
As the ratio is less than 1, we can conclude that \(i > s\). Hence, this statement alone is sufficient to answer the question. We can eliminate A, C, and E.
Attachment:
Screenshot 2023-11-02 123310.png
Statement 1(1) 90 percent of the patients in the group showed improvement.From the information given in this statement, we can infer that \(i = 0.9p\)
The number of people who do not show improvement = \(0.1p\)
Hence, the number of people who show side-effects and also show improvement = \(0.6i = 0.6 * 0.9*p = 0.54p\)
Let's assume that all the people who do not show improvement also exhibit side effects, the
maximum number of people who show side effects = \(0.54p + 0.1p = 0.64p\)
Even at the maximum possibility, \(0.64p < 0.9p\).
Hence, we can conclude that \(i > s\) i.e. more patients in the group show improvement than experience side effects. This statement is also sufficient.
Attachment:
Screenshot 2023-11-02 123637.png
Option D