Originally found in parasites belonging to the order of kinetoplastids

Question

Originally found in parasites belonging to the order of kinetoplastids, DNA base "J", an unusual minor base  known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and that resembles  thymine, has been proven to control antigenic variation; exist in the DNA of euglenids, evidence for a close relation between kinetoplastids and euglenids; and cause certain severe diseases.

(A) known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and that resembles
(B) known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and that, resembling
(C) known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and resembling
(D) that is known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and it resembles
(E) that is known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and that, resembling

ctkrishnan · Answer

C is the answer as it describes the DNA J.. it is a kind of an additional information given for the DNA ..

rustypolymath · Answer

Strip out all the frills and look for the main clause: subject and verb(s):

"DNA base 'J'... has been proven to control...; exist...; and cause..."

The main clauses in A look okay this way, but the problem with A is that the modifying clauses are not in good form. Stylistically if we are going to use "that resembles" for the second part we should have said "that is known" at the beginning of the interloped modifier. B repeats this error and adds another one: it snatches up that verb phrase I sorted out above and converts it all to a relative clause, so that there is no main verb in the sentence:

"DNA base 'J'... that has been proven to control...; exist...; and cause..."

E does the same thing that B does with the relative clause.

We are down to C and D. In D, the "and" is unwarranted before the main verb as there is no dichotomy, no previous verb or parallel clause. The relative clause with "that" is on a different level from the rest of the sentence.

So yes, C is correct.

pkmme · Answer

+1 C. Rest are choices are messed up by the incorrect usage of "that"

MBAhereIcome · Answer

C

an unusual minor base known as ..
an unusual minor base resembling thymine ..

alchemist009 · Answer

i am still confused between C and E. why E is wrong. ???

jlgdr · Answer

There's still some confusion between A and C here guys, could someone please clarify what's wrong? Thanks! Cheers J

krakgmat · Answer

Here is my take on this. Hope this helps.

In choice A, the use of modifiers is not clear. 'Known' is a participle phrase modifier modifying 'an unusual minor base'. The sentence is trying hard to have a second modifier and it is supposedly modifying 'an unusual minor base' with 'that resembles thymine'. This where it gets tricky as it is not clear as to which 'that' refers to.

This confusion is clearly addressed in choice 'C' with the use of participle phrase modifier and '-ing' modifier, both of which work in a similar way.

kinjiGC · Answer

Originally found in parasites belonging to the order of kinetoplastids, DNA base "J", an unusual minor base  known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and that resembles  thymine, has been proven to control antigenic variation; exist in the DNA of euglenids, evidence for a close relation between kinetoplastids and euglenids; and cause certain severe diseases.

(A) known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and that resembles

There is a pronoun ambiguity - What is that refer to? It can be DNA base "J" or eukaryotes . Logically it should refer to "eukaryotes". -  Incorrect .

(B) known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and that, resembling 
", resembling" makes it even more spooky. Now it is a verbing modifier and should modify the previous clause which it doesn't. -  Incorrect

(C) known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and resembling
Now the structure is correct.

"an unusual minor base" is an modifier which says about DNA base "J" and "and" separates the clause and subject is still "DNA base "J"" 
Hence the sentence becomes "DNA base "J" resembling thymine "- this is another modifier modifying the subject - DNA base "J". -  Correct .

(D) that is known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and it resembles

that actually a relative pronoun and refers to "DNA base "J"" so the sentence structure is completely wrong. If we break this in clauses.

DNA base "J", an unusual minor base
  that  is known as as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and  it  resembles thymine.
But there is no predicate for the subject "an unusual minor base" - it is hanging here -  Incorrect .

(E) that is known as the only hyper-modified DNA base in eukaryotes and that, resembling
Same issue as above. -  Incorrect .

VerbalBot · Answer

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Originally found in parasites belonging to the order of kinetoplastids

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Originally found in parasites belonging to the order of kinetoplastids

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