Studies of the rotational velocity of a galaxy at various distances fr

Question

Studies of the  rotational velocity of a galaxy at various distances from their center of mass have shown that ninety percent of the universe’s mass could exist in the form of  dark matter.

(A) rotational velocity of a galaxy at various distances from their center of mass have shown that ninety percent of the universe’s mass could exist in the form of

(B) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their centers of rotation have shown that as much as ninety percent of the mass of the universe exists in the form of

(C) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their center of mass has shown that up to ninety percent of the mass of the universe is made of

(D) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their rotational centers has shown that as much as ninety percent of universal mass might exist as

(E) galactic rotation at various distances from the galactic center of rotation have shown up to ninety percent of the mass over the universe exist in the form of

pinoygmat · Accepted Answer

Subject of the sentence is "studies" so should contain plural "have" ... This crosses out C and D In E, "galactic rotation" f*cks up the real meaning of the sentence ... Cross out In A, pronoun "their" has ambiguous antecedent, "their" can not refer to "distances" .. Cross out... Could have been correct if pronoun "it" was used because then "it" will refer to "a galaxy" (singular) In B, "their" unambiguously refers to "galaxies" Kudos please

sarthaknav · Answer

Studies of the  rotational velocity of a galaxy at various distances from their center of mass have shown that ninety percent of the universe’s mass could exist in the form of  dark matter.

A) rotational velocity of  a galaxy  at various distances from  their  center of mass have shown that ninety percent of the universe’s mass could exist in the form of

B) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their centers of rotation have shown that as much as ninety percent of the mass of the universe exists in the form of

C) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their center of mass  has  shown that up to ninety percent of the mass of the universe is made of

D) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their rotational centers  has  shown that as much as ninety percent of universal mass might exist as

E) galactic rotation at various distances from the galactic center of rotation  have shown up to  ninety percent of the mass over the universe exist in the form of

9SidMn · Answer

Does B not change meaning ? It confirms that 90% of the Universe is dark matter. Original sentence says - "Could exist" . This is an MGMAT CAT question.

TeamGMATIFY · Answer

Yes it does, but unfortunately this the only option we are left with. If you can eliminate the other 4 answer choices based on grammar, do not think about meaning. A) rotational velocity of a galaxy at various distances from their center of mass have shown that ninety percent of the universe’s mass could exist in the form of B) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their centers of rotation have shown that as much as ninety percent of the mass of the universe exists in the form of Correct C) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their center of mass has shown that up to ninety percent of the mass of the universe is made of Studies needs a have, not "has" D) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their rotational centers has shown that as much as ninety percent of universal mass might exist as Studies needs a have, not "has" E) galactic rotation at various distances from the galactic center of rotation have shown up to ninety percent of the mass over the universe exist in the form of Studies have shown "that". Moreover, galactic rotation :shock:

where did this come from.

daagh · Answer

It is clear that the studies have shown that ninety percent of the universe’s mass exists in the form of dark matter is a fact; why should then be a speculation still that it could exist?. The original carries a wrong conclusion. IMO, B corrects it. Even so, I would rather go with GMATIFY, that if grammar could be handy, then use it first.

ZaydenBond · Answer

What a horrid question. All the answers are wrong. Even B, the OA is wrong because it completely changes the meaning of the sentences from "center of mass" to "center of rotation".

pulkitaggi · Answer

Studies of the rotational velocity of a galaxy at various distances from their center of mass have shown that ninety percent of the universe’s mass could exist in the form of dark matter.

(A) rotational velocity of  a galaxy  at various distances from  their  center of mass have shown that  ninety percent of the universe’s mass  could  exist  in the form of - Should be  galaxie s   ( because scientist proved a theory in general not for a single galaxy) also use of THEIR with singular noun is incorrect. 90% of mass is a singular group and should have singular verb-  EXIST S

(B) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their centers of rotation have shown that as much as ninety percent of the mass of the universe exists in the form of - Corrects all the above mentioned issues.

(C) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their center of mass  has  shown that up to ninety percent of the mass of the universe is made of - Singular HAS does not go with  STUDIE S  . Mass is not made up of DARK MATTER ( MASS EXISTS AS A DARK MATTER)

(D) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their rotational centers  has  shown that as much as ninety percent of universal mass might  exist  as - Issues in only HAS verb ( refer earlier explanations). USE OF EXIST IS CORRECT HERE< BECAUSE OF THE USE OF MODAL VERB MIGHT ( modal verb always take plural form of verb)

(E) galactic rotation at various distances from the galactic center of rotation have shown up to ninety percent of the mass  over the universe   exist  in the form of- Though I removed this option based on fact that GMAT cannot expect people to is galactic rotation is same as normal rotaion ( mentioned in actual stem), you can remove this on the basis -

1) OVER the UNIVERSE makes no sense
2) EXIST is wrong- it should be exists

arvind910619 · Answer

The subject is studies which is plural so C and D are out.
In a galaxy is singular so we need its but we have their so wrong choice.
We need That in E to make sense .
The answer is B

Yoohanna · Answer

Isn't "as much as" redundency?

dabhishek87 · Answer

Studies of the  rotational velocity of a galaxy at various distances from their center of mass have shown that ninety percent of the universe’s mass could exist in the form of  dark matter.

(A) rotational velocity of a galaxy at various distances from  their  center of mass have shown that ninety percent of the universe’s mass could exist in the form of

(B) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their centers of rotation have shown that as much as ninety percent of the mass of the universe exists in the form of  correct

(C) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their center of mass  has  shown that up to ninety percent of the mass of the universe is made of

(D) rotational velocity of galaxies at varying distances from their rotational centers  has  shown that as much as ninety percent of universal mass might exist as

(E) galactic rotation at various distances from the galactic center of rotation have  shown up to  ninety percent of the mass over the universe  exist  in the form of

dabaobao · Answer

Official Solution (Credit: Manhattan Prep)

The primary purpose of this sentence is to discuss the findings of a group of studies, namely, that much of the mass of the universe exists as dark matter. The main subject and verb of the sentence are therefore “Studies…have shown”. The findings of the study are described by the clause “that as much as…”, containing the subject-verb pairing “ninety percent…exists”. 
 
(A) This sentence incorrectly uses the plural pronoun “their” to refer back to the singular antecedent “galaxy”. 
 
(B) CORRECT. This sentence correctly matches both subject verb pairings. 
 
(C) This sentence incorrectly pairs the singular verb phrase “has shown” with the plural noun “studies”. 
 
(D) This sentence incorrectly pairs the singular verb phrase “has shown” with the plural noun “studies”. 
 
(E) This sentence incorrectly pairs the singular subject “ninety percent” with the plural verb “exist”. Further, this sentence incorrectly states, “studies have shown up to ninety percent” (omitting the word “that” from the answer) implying that the studies themselves revealed ninety percent instead of revealing that ninety percent exists. In order to correctly pair the findings of the studies to the entire clause, the word “that” must be inserted.

Sara989 · Answer

I understand why B is grammatically correct but does B keep the meaning of the original sentence intact though? Because the original sentence states "center of mass" whereas option (B) states "center of rotation", do we assume that B has the correct meaning (and original meaning is messy) or B keeps the meaning of the original line intact because it is grammatically correct? Just looking for a method or a tip to use in a question should such a doubt arise for a different question where the meanings are not close or jargon is used. Thanks!

Rickooreo · Answer

For option A, C and D

Use of 
A - various distances from their center of mass 
Though use of their is wrong, had it been correct, still there will be wrong meaning because 
We say distance of earth from sun (centre of galaxy) not distance of earth from earth's centre of mass as in distance from its core

Same logic for C 
And for D it looks their centres are rotating by saying rotational centers

RonTargetTestPrep · Answer

I don't really understand your question here. "Their center     of mass" doesn't make sense because we're not talking about the aggregate center of mass of all the galaxies taken together. In context, we're talking about the rotation of each galaxy around its own center of mass, so the galaxies     have centers    of mass.

And for D it looks their centres are rotating by saying rotational centers

It doesn't. That meaning would only be implied if the text actually said "rotat  ing   centers".

"Rotational centers" seems fine as a substitute/equivalent for "centers of rotation". But you shouldn't be considering this nuanced difference in wording, because choice D can be eliminated on account of a much more fundamental issue—subject-verb disagreement ( Studies ...  has  shown... ).

Elite097 · Answer

RonTargetTestPrep   MartyTargetTestPrep   avigutman   egmat   ManhattanPrep  how can centers of mass be used interchangeably with centers of rotation

avigutman · Answer

This seems like a physics question, not a sentence correction question,  Elite097 .
I wouldn't worry about it. Especially since it's not an official GMAC problem.

VerbalBot · Answer

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Studies of the rotational velocity of a galaxy at various distances fr

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Studies of the rotational velocity of a galaxy at various distances fr

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