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Bunuel
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Artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly skilled jobs, including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences.


A. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

B. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider their

C. such as those of engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider their

D. including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its

E. such as engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

VERITAS PREP OFFICIAL EXPLANATION:





This problem brings up a critically important strategic point: perhaps your greatest advantage on Sentence Correction problems is you get to determine the order in which you make decisions! Trying to make your decisions from left to right here can be difficult: do you choose "including" or "such as"? This is a classic "false decision point" - either would work well (in fact "such as" in this context really just means "including"). You'd be making an arbitrary decision that might very well eliminate the correct answer.

But if you start from the right-hand side you will see a very actionable pronoun decision available to you: "Its" vs. "their." The pronoun should refer to "artificial intelligence" (waiting to consider artificial intelligence's impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences; could you really say the same for "highly skilled jobs"?), so the correct pronoun must be "its." You can now eliminate choices (B) and (C).

Among the remaining choices, resist the urge to see a list of items all ending in -ing and reflexively place the "comma + and" before the last item: the meaning of the sentence matters! Is "waiting to consider" a highly-skilled job like "engineering" and "computer programming"? Of course not. The list of "highly-skilled jobs" has three items (engineering, computer programming, and marketing) so you need a "comma + and" before "marketing."

From there, "waiting to consider" is a separate part of the sentence, which when you cut out the modifier ("including these jobs") says more succinctly "artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly-skilled jobs, and waiting to consider it's impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences." Choice (D) is the only one that properly accounts for the list nested in the modifier and for this necessary sentence structure, and is therefore correct.

Note also that if you were between (A), (D), and (E), the only difference between (A) and (E) is immaterial ("including" vs. "such as"), and that should encourage you to more closely consider the rationale for a strange-looking "list" in (D).

In option D, shouldn't it be "including those in" instead of just "including"? Because Marketing , CP and Engineering are fields and not the actual jobs?

GMATNinja bb VeritasKarishma Please weigh in.
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Hi!
Is this a question of quality?

I really think that Engineering, computer programming and marketing are not jobs...
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Artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly skilled jobs, including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences.

Split 1 - Violation of Parallel list
A. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its
B. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider their
E. such as engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

"and waiting" is not a job. The and is used to join additional info - the byproduct of waiting to see the impact.

Split 2 - SV Agreement
B. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider their
C. such as those of engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider their

Artificial Intelligence is a singular subject.

D. including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its

D correct both errors
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Bunuel
Bunuel
Artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly skilled jobs, including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences.


A. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

B. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider their

C. such as those of engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider their

D. including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its

E. such as engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

VERITAS PREP OFFICIAL EXPLANATION:



This problem brings up a critically important strategic point: perhaps your greatest advantage on Sentence Correction problems is you get to determine the order in which you make decisions! Trying to make your decisions from left to right here can be difficult: do you choose "including" or "such as"? This is a classic "false decision point" - either would work well (in fact "such as" in this context really just means "including"). You'd be making an arbitrary decision that might very well eliminate the correct answer.

But if you start from the right-hand side you will see a very actionable pronoun decision available to you: "Its" vs. "their." The pronoun should refer to "artificial intelligence" (waiting to consider artificial intelligence's impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences; could you really say the same for "highly skilled jobs"?), so the correct pronoun must be "its." You can now eliminate choices (B) and (C).

Among the remaining choices, resist the urge to see a list of items all ending in -ing and reflexively place the "comma + and" before the last item: the meaning of the sentence matters! Is "waiting to consider" a highly-skilled job like "engineering" and "computer programming"? Of course not. The list of "highly-skilled jobs" has three items (engineering, computer programming, and marketing) so you need a "comma + and" before "marketing."

From there, "waiting to consider" is a separate part of the sentence, which when you cut out the modifier ("including these jobs") says more succinctly "artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly-skilled jobs, and waiting to consider it's impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences." Choice (D) is the only one that properly accounts for the list nested in the modifier and for this necessary sentence structure, and is therefore correct.

Note also that if you were between (A), (D), and (E), the only difference between (A) and (E) is immaterial ("including" vs. "such as"), and that should encourage you to more closely consider the rationale for a strange-looking "list" in (D).

Dear Bunuel,
Thank you for OE, but I have a question.
In D, including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its, what is the subject of "waiting to consider". WHere is the subject Present ?

Thanks,
Adi
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Three important splits can help narrow it:

1) Pronoun: It's vs their
2) List : ends at marketing, so their should be an 'and' before marketing.
3) Slightly nuanced but I have rarely seen 'such as' after a comma

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Hi Adi88

Waiting is a gerund here (verb+ing). So it's the subject here. The clause after and basically means that waiting to consider its (artificial intelligence's) impact can be catastrophic. Implied here is that the action needs to be taken now so that jobs aren't lost.

Another example of Gerund would be verb-ing form such as eating.

Verb: Ram is eating the apples he found in the refrigerator

Gerund (verb+ing) Eating keeps me alive.

Gerund (verb+ing) Eating healthy food is linked to improved life expectancy.


Hope this clarifies.


Adi88
Bunuel
Bunuel
Artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly skilled jobs, including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences.


A. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

B. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider their

C. such as those of engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider their

D. including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its

E. such as engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

VERITAS PREP OFFICIAL EXPLANATION:



This problem brings up a critically important strategic point: perhaps your greatest advantage on Sentence Correction problems is you get to determine the order in which you make decisions! Trying to make your decisions from left to right here can be difficult: do you choose "including" or "such as"? This is a classic "false decision point" - either would work well (in fact "such as" in this context really just means "including"). You'd be making an arbitrary decision that might very well eliminate the correct answer.

But if you start from the right-hand side you will see a very actionable pronoun decision available to you: "Its" vs. "their." The pronoun should refer to "artificial intelligence" (waiting to consider artificial intelligence's impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences; could you really say the same for "highly skilled jobs"?), so the correct pronoun must be "its." You can now eliminate choices (B) and (C).

Among the remaining choices, resist the urge to see a list of items all ending in -ing and reflexively place the "comma + and" before the last item: the meaning of the sentence matters! Is "waiting to consider" a highly-skilled job like "engineering" and "computer programming"? Of course not. The list of "highly-skilled jobs" has three items (engineering, computer programming, and marketing) so you need a "comma + and" before "marketing."

From there, "waiting to consider" is a separate part of the sentence, which when you cut out the modifier ("including these jobs") says more succinctly "artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly-skilled jobs, and waiting to consider it's impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences." Choice (D) is the only one that properly accounts for the list nested in the modifier and for this necessary sentence structure, and is therefore correct.

Note also that if you were between (A), (D), and (E), the only difference between (A) and (E) is immaterial ("including" vs. "such as"), and that should encourage you to more closely consider the rationale for a strange-looking "list" in (D).

Dear Bunuel,
Thank you for OE, but I have a question.
In D, including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its, what is the subject of "waiting to consider". WHere is the subject Present ?

Thanks,
Adi

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Bunuel
Artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly skilled jobs, including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences.

I don't know how including is a right word to use for examples ?! Such as is always used for examples.


A. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

B. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider their

C. such as those of engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider their

D. including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its

E. such as engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

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Artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly skilled jobs, including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences.


A. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its -- need comma + and before marketing

B. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider their - SV agreement

C. such as those of engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider their - SV agreement

D. including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its

E. such as engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its -- need comma + and before marketing
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Bunuel
Artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly skilled jobs, including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences.


A. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

B. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider their

C. such as those of engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider their

D. including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its

E. such as engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its


engineering and marketing are examples of skilled jobs . Examples always need 'such as ' and not words such as 'including ' that mean the same thing. I am no expert to take on Veritas prep but could someone shine some light on this ? GMATNinja please help
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can someone tell me how this question is parrallel. Artifical intelligence will become ... and waiting to consider its ...
GMATNinjaTwo BillyZ Abhi077
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AG95
can someone tell me how this question is parrallel. Artifical intelligence will become ... and waiting to consider its ...
GMATNinjaTwo BillyZ Abhi077

hi AndrewN i have the same question :) can you pls help :) i also dont get how "waiting" fits in the logic of sentence ... "AI is waiting to impact " :?

maybe waiting has other meaning too :)
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dave13
AG95
can someone tell me how this question is parrallel. Artifical intelligence will become ... and waiting to consider its ...
GMATNinjaTwo BillyZ Abhi077

hi AndrewN i have the same question :) can you pls help :) i also dont get how "waiting" fits in the logic of sentence ... "AI is waiting to impact " :?

maybe waiting has other meaning too :)
Hello, dave13. The key to this sentence is understanding that the first independent clause contains a list, one that contains three items, while the second begins with a gerund. Consider (D) and (E) back to back, and you will see what I mean:

Quote:
Artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly skilled jobs, including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences.

D. including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its

E. such as engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its
For the purpose of this discussion, we can ignore the including versus such as split. (To be honest, I wanted the answer to use such as, but the rest of (E) did not check out.) The structure of (D) is as follows:

Independent clause, modifying phrase—including X, Y, and Z—AND independent clause (gerund, verb, object)

If you are confused about that second independent clause, consider the part after and on its own. I will mark the gerund acting as the subject in blue, the verb in pink, and the object in orange.

Waiting to consider its impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences.

There is an understood doer of the action, waiting, and the line serves as a sort of general warning to people on the whole.

If we look at (E), we run into a pseudo-list that does not make sense and smashes the two independent clauses together without proper grammar. Its structure is as follows:

Independent clause, phrase—such as W, X, Y—AND Z?

But when we hit that last part, Z, we see that it launches into an independent clause instead, so the list should clearly terminate beforehand. The placement of and before Y in choice (D) is necessary to that end.

In short, the AI entities are not waiting for anything, but the way (A), (B), and (E) are written, you would never know if you were reading too quickly. I hope that helps resolve your concerns. Thank you for thinking to ask.

- Andrew
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hey GMATNinja, GMATNinjaTwo, Bunuel , ChrisLele
,@erikaveritasprep, bb @e-gmat
need some help with this.

As per as my understanding, the "ing" modifier modifies the entire clause before the comma- when it follows a comma. Here including is modifying entire clause before comma and hence should be incorrect. The intent of the "including" here is to modify jobs and not Artificial intelligence
kindly help me here. thanks :)
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Bunuel
Bunuel
Artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly skilled jobs, including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences.


A. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

B. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider their

C. such as those of engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider their

D. including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its

E. such as engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

VERITAS PREP OFFICIAL EXPLANATION:



whenever we are mentioning items in a list, does the last item always follows comma+and or it can follow only and as well?

This problem brings up a critically important strategic point: perhaps your greatest advantage on Sentence Correction problems is you get to determine the order in which you make decisions! Trying to make your decisions from left to right here can be difficult: do you choose "including" or "such as"? This is a classic "false decision point" - either would work well (in fact "such as" in this context really just means "including"). You'd be making an arbitrary decision that might very well eliminate the correct answer.

But if you start from the right-hand side you will see a very actionable pronoun decision available to you: "Its" vs. "their." The pronoun should refer to "artificial intelligence" (waiting to consider artificial intelligence's impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences; could you really say the same for "highly skilled jobs"?), so the correct pronoun must be "its." You can now eliminate choices (B) and (C).

Among the remaining choices, resist the urge to see a list of items all ending in -ing and reflexively place the "comma + and" before the last item: the meaning of the sentence matters! Is "waiting to consider" a highly-skilled job like "engineering" and "computer programming"? Of course not. The list of "highly-skilled jobs" has three items (engineering, computer programming, and marketing) so you need a "comma + and" before "marketing."

From there, "waiting to consider" is a separate part of the sentence, which when you cut out the modifier ("including these jobs") says more succinctly "artificial intelligence will soon become more effective than humans at even the most highly-skilled jobs, and waiting to consider it's impact on the labor market could have catastrophic consequences." Choice (D) is the only one that properly accounts for the list nested in the modifier and for this necessary sentence structure, and is therefore correct.

Note also that if you were between (A), (D), and (E), the only difference between (A) and (E) is immaterial ("including" vs. "such as"), and that should encourage you to more closely consider the rationale for a strange-looking "list" in (D).
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Correct Option : D

1. Some Learning :
Including : preposition containing as part of the whole being considered
Such as : phrase of such, for example

2. Parallelism
including
engineering,
computer programming, and
marketing, and waiting

Elimination:
Eliminate C, and E
- for such as usage.
- Option C - SV Agreement error, with usage of "their"
- option E, parallelism list error

C. such as those of engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider their
E. such as engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

Eliminate B -
- SV Agreement Pronoun error, usage of Their
B. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider their

Eliminate A - Parallelism error
A. including engineering, computer programming, marketing, and waiting to consider its

Best option D
D. including engineering, computer programming, and marketing, and waiting to consider its

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