daboo343
Colleges in Tycho City have failed to prepare their students for the business world. A recent study revealed that the majority of college graduates in Tycho City could not write a simple business letter.
Which of the following, if true, would provide additional evidence in support of the claim above?
A) A majority of students attending colleges in Tycho City are business majors.
B) The State College in neighboring Twyla Township has recently improved its business program by adding courses in business writing.
C) Most Tycho City college graduates move outside the Tycho City after they graduate.
D) Most Tycho City college students live in on-campus dormitories.
E) The majority of college graduates living in Tycho City received their college degrees from institutions located in Tycho city.
Official Explanation:
E
Step 1: Identify the Question TypeTo “provide additional evidence in support” of an argument is to strengthen it, so this is a Strengthen question.
Step 2: Untangle the StimulusThe argument concludes that colleges in Tycho City don’t do a good job of preparing their grads for the business world, because the majority of college grads living in Tycho City couldn’t write a simple business letter. Since this argument is based on a study, there is likely a representativeness problem.
Step 3: Predict the AnswerIn this argument, the author makes a scope shift between the evidence and the conclusion: the evidence is based on “college graduates in Tycho City,” while the conclusion refers to the supposed failings of “colleges in Tycho City.” In order for the conclusion to hold, it must be true that the college grads in the study are representative of colleges in Tycho City—that is, that those people actually attended school in Tycho City. Look for an answer that bolsters that assumption.
Step 4: Evaluate the Choices(E) properly strengthens the argument by reinforcing the assumption. In other words, (E) demonstrates that the sample studied is actually representative of colleges in Tycho City. (A) has no effect on the argument. While the argument concerns whether students are prepared for the business world, it is not relevant what the students are majoring in. (B) is outside the scope. What some other college is doing does not affect an argument about the effectiveness of Tycho City college programs. (C) actually weakens the argument. If most Tycho City college graduates leave the Tycho City area after graduation, then it is unlikely that a study of graduates in Tycho City is representative of graduates of Tycho City colleges. Be careful of 180 answers in Strengthen/Weaken questions. Finally, (D) is irrelevant, since where the students live has no effect on whether or not they’re adequately prepared for the business world.
Choice (E) is the correct answer.