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In recent years, the number of reported cases of ethical misconduct and out-and-out fraud in the telemarketing of stocks, securities, and other investments has risen dramatically. In answer to the growing demand for regulation of this industry, federal and state agencies are formulating an approach to the problem that would entail close supervision and regular auditing of the activities of the investment houses that use telemarketing. Such government involvement in private industry is, however, antithetical to this country’s belief in free private industry and would surely dampen the spirit of aggressive capitalism that made this country great. Clearly, in order to keep the government out of their business, investment houses should cease the practice of paying telemarketers on commission.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument above is based?

A.Successful capitalism is dependent upon a governmental policy of noninterference and furthered by pro-business regulations.
B. The government’s ability to detect misconduct, even with close supervision, would be minimal, and therefore pointless.
C. If judged by contemporary standards, many of these so-called violations would be considered ethical.
D. Earning a high commission as a telemarketer is not proof of one’s abilities as an investment broker.
E. The incidence of ethical misconduct has a direct relation to the telemarketer’s desire for larger commissions.

Conclusion: Clearly, in order to keep the government out of their business, investment houses should cease the practice of paying telemarketers on commission.

Options A, B, C & D are not related to the conclusion of the passage.
Option E perfectly fills the gap in reasoning that in order to keep the government out of their business, investment houses should cease the practice of paying telemarketers on commission. since the incidence of ethical misconduct has a direct relation to the telemarketer’s desire for larger commissions.

IMO E
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An assumption is an unstated premise that is required for the conclusion to stand. If you negate the assumption, the argument must completely fall apart (The Assumption Negation Test).

Let us first deconstruct what is going on here -
Misconduct and fraud in telemarketing have risen sharply --> Because of this misconduct, the government wants to step in with strict regulations and audits. --> Government interference will hurt aggressive capitalism.
Conclusion: "Clearly, in order to keep the government out of their business, investment houses should cease the practice of paying telemarketers on commission."

Where did "paying on commission" suddenly come from? It was never mentioned anywhere else in the argument. The author is assuming an invisible causal bridge: commissions cause the misconduct. If stopping commissions reduces the misconduct, the government will have no excuse to intervene.

(E) states: "The incidence of ethical misconduct has a direct relation to the telemarketer's desire for larger commissions."
Now negate it: "The incidence of ethical misconduct has NO relation to the desire for commissions."

If commission pay has nothing to do with why telemarketers commit fraud, then ending commission pay will not stop the misconduct. If misconduct continues, the government will still step in. The author's recommendation becomes completely useless.
Because negating (E) destroys the argument, (E) is the required assumption.
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