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Question 1
C
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
15%
(low)
Question Stats:
81% (02:19) correct
19%
(02:12) wrong
based on 385
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 2
D
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
5%
(low)
Question Stats:
83% (00:34) correct 17%
(00:34) wrong
based on 381
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
Question 3
A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
15%
(low)
Question Stats:
75% (00:59) correct 25%
(01:12) wrong
based on 411
sessions
History
Date
Time
Result
Not Attempted Yet
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Technology is sometimes described as "driving" industrial and social change. Yet technology has no momentum of its own; its direction is determined by many disparate considerations. If technology did have inherent momentum, one might expect production methods in a given industry to be the same throughout the world, but they actually vary considerably, for reasons that are readily apparent.
A study of an automobile company’s factories in the United States and in England, conducted by Melman during the 1950‘s, illustrates this point. The workers in the United States used more power equipment than did the workers in England. Yet both factories made the same product, had similar engineering staffs, and had equal access to capital. Melman found that differences in the relative costs of labor and machinery operation accounted for the difference in mechanization. In the United States, an employer could buy 157 kilowatt-hours of electricity for the cost of hiring a worker for an hour. In England, the price for a worker-hour would purchase only 37 kilowatt-hours. Hence, to minimize the total cost of the product, the manufacturer bought more electricity and fewer worker- hours in the United States and more worker-hours and less electricity in England. In each location, managers selected the means of production that best maximized profits—a basic value of capitalist industry.
A study of an automobile company’s factories in the United States and in England, conducted by Melman during the 1950‘s, illustrates this point. The workers in the United States used more power equipment than did the workers in England. Yet both factories made the same product, had similar engineering staffs, and had equal access to capital. Melman found that differences in the relative costs of labor and machinery operation accounted for the difference in mechanization. In the United States, an employer could buy 157 kilowatt-hours of electricity for the cost of hiring a worker for an hour. In England, the price for a worker-hour would purchase only 37 kilowatt-hours. Hence, to minimize the total cost of the product, the manufacturer bought more electricity and fewer worker- hours in the United States and more worker-hours and less electricity in England. In each location, managers selected the means of production that best maximized profits—a basic value of capitalist industry.
1. The passage suggests that the factory in England bought fewer kilowatt-hours of electricity than the factory in the United States for which of the following reasons?
A. The management of the English factory was less willing to invest in technological innovation.
B. Electricity was more difficult to purchase in England than in the United States.
C. Worker-hours in England represented less expense than did electricity.
D. Power equipment used in England required more electricity than did power equipment used in the United States.
E. Workers at the factory in England were less technologically adept than were the workers in the United States.
A. The management of the English factory was less willing to invest in technological innovation.
B. Electricity was more difficult to purchase in England than in the United States.
C. Worker-hours in England represented less expense than did electricity.
D. Power equipment used in England required more electricity than did power equipment used in the United States.
E. Workers at the factory in England were less technologically adept than were the workers in the United States.
2. The passage is primarily concerned with
A. explaining the origins of a misconception
B. assessing different methods of production
C. suggesting a way of resolving a point of confusion
D. providing an illustration to substantiate a point
E. questioning the accuracy of an influential study
A. explaining the origins of a misconception
B. assessing different methods of production
C. suggesting a way of resolving a point of confusion
D. providing an illustration to substantiate a point
E. questioning the accuracy of an influential study
3. The author of the passage describes Melman’s study primarily in order to
A. demonstrate that more than one factor affects decisions concerning production methods
B. exemplify the kind of study that should be conducted to determine the basic values of industry
C. illustrate the role of worker preferences in decisions concerning production methods
D. emphasize the importance of technology in improving manufacturing processes
E. support the contention that technology is the most important factor in decisions concerning production methods
A. demonstrate that more than one factor affects decisions concerning production methods
B. exemplify the kind of study that should be conducted to determine the basic values of industry
C. illustrate the role of worker preferences in decisions concerning production methods
D. emphasize the importance of technology in improving manufacturing processes
E. support the contention that technology is the most important factor in decisions concerning production methods
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16 Oct 2024, 19:22
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q3 why not option C can anybody can explain
21 Oct 2024, 19:08
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HarshZsssh
I am going to try and explain why I dont think Option C is right.
If you see Q3, it asks for Primary purpose. The Primary purpose of the second paragraph (or Melman's Study) is to prove/provide substance for the point being made in Para 1.
Quote:
Option C talks about only one such factor, i.e. worker preferences. We need an answer which points to generalization, hence Option A.
Hope this helps.
