Can someone please clarify my doubt:
1. The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces
emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiologial responses.
In this question 126 of
OG, "that" before comma refers back to "emotional reactions" and not to "individual". The reason we give is "in an individual" is a prepositional phrase and "that" refers back to preceding noun, which is "emotional reactions". Correct??
But
2. In the review of
2000 studies of human behavior that date back to 1940's, two Swiss psychologists, declared that since most of the studies had failed to control for such variables as social class and family size, none could be taken seriously.
In this question as explained earlier:
egmat wrote:
Solutions: We asked you to identify the SV pairs in the two official sentences, figure out if there is anything wrong wrt the SV pairs, and if errors are present, how they can be corrected. So here are the answers:
Sentence 1
As you can see, "that" in this sentence is the subject of its clause. It refers to 2,000 studies.
All the SV pairs have been identified in green color. The verb has also been underlined.
The subject - two swiss psychologists does not have a verb. Declaring should be made into the verb - declared.
Sentence 2
As you can see, there are two occurrences of "that" in this sentence. Both refer to the noun - a work. While first occurrence of "that" acts as the subject of the clause, second occurrence of "that" does not act as the subject. In this clause, the subject is "Samuel Johnson". Note that if we were to write a standalone sentence with just this information related to second clause with that, we would write it as:
Samuel Johnson pronounced the work the greatest translation in any language.
Coming to the errors - there is no verb for the noun "that". Taking should be changed to "took".
I would like to thank all who posted their responses. Next I will review each response.
"that" before "date" refers to "2000 studies", but is "of 2000 studies" a prepositional phrase, and hence "that" should ideally refer back to "review" ???
My query now is if there is a "noun+prepositional phrase(containing a noun)" before "that" in a sentence, than what should "that" refer back to.
Similarly if there is a "noun+prepositional phrase(containing a noun), " before "which" than what "which" refer back to.
Please anyone explain my query.
Thank You