The cultural legacy of the British Empire in Singapore contrasts sharply with that of other former British colonies. While countries such as India and Malaysia have de-emphasized the time they spent under British rule, going so far as to change most English place names, Singapore has generally embraced its colonial past.
A recent article by McDermott attributes this difference to a number of reasons, each of which distinguishes Singapore from other former colonies. To begin with, Singapore did not have a shared history and culture before the arrival of the British. The area occupied by the modern state was sparsely populated and had been ruled by a series of local empires. A large majority of Singapore’s present-day population consists of the descendants of Chinese and Indian immigrants that arrived during the colonial period. Secondly, the cultural factors that unite Singaporeans today were developed during British rule. Among the most important of these cultural factors is a shared embrace of commerce and industry. During the colonial period, Singapore became a regional center of finance and international trade, and this status has continued to the present day. Economic prosperity is a national priority for nearly all Singaporeans. Finally, Singapore endured comparatively little strife in its transition to independence. In 1963, the country was joined in a union with the newly independent state of Malaysia through an act of Parliament. Malaysia had only recently achieved independence, and only after a long guerrilla war with the British. Two years later, Singapore’s union with Malaysia was dissolved and the country became a fully independent state.
The passage implies that a key difference between Singapore and Malaysia is
A. At the time the British first arrived, Malaysia was much more technologically advanced than Singapore
B. The majority of Malaysia’s population has the same religion, while Singapore has several different religions
C. Malaysia had a strong central government when the British first arrived
D. Singapore became independent through a comparatively peaceful political process, while Malaysia had to fight a long guerrilla war
E. Singapore fought much more than Malaysia against the imposition of British rule