Among the many causes of the eventual market collapse in 1929 in

Question

Among the many causes of the eventual market collapse in 1929 in America were low wages, the proliferation of debt, a struggling agricultural sector, and an excess of large bank loans that could not be liquidated.

A. Among the many causes of the eventual market collapse in 1929 in America were low wages, the proliferation of debt, a struggling agricultural sector, and an excess of large bank loans that could not be liquidated.
B. Low wages, debt proliferation, a struggle of agricultural sector, and an excess of unliquidated large bank loans were among the many causes of the eventual market collapse in 1929 in America.
C. Low wages, debt proliferation, agricultural sector that was struggling, and an excess of large bank loans not be liquidated eventually caused the collapse of market in 1929 in America. 
D. Among the many causes of the market that collapsed in 1929 in America were low wages, the proliferation of debt, the struggle in the agricultural sector and an excess of large bank loans that could not be liquidated.
E. The many causes of the eventual market collapse in 1929 in America were the low wages, debt proliferation, a struggle of agricultural sector, and an excess of unliquidated large bank loans.

NiftyNiffler · Accepted Answer

Among the many causes of the eventual market collapse in 1929 in America were low wages, the proliferation of debt, a struggling agricultural sector, and an excess of large bank loans that could not be liquidated.

A. Among the many causes of the eventual market collapse in 1929 in America were low wages, the proliferation of debt, a struggling agricultural sector, and an excess of large bank loans that could not be liquidated.  -- CORRECT parallel elements and "that" refers to excess loans. 
B. Low wages, debt proliferation,  a struggle  of agricultural sector, and an  excess of unliquidated  large bank loans were among the many causes of the eventual market collapse in 1929 in America.  -- unliquidated is an adjective to loans wrongly. 
C. Low wages, debt proliferation, agricultural sector  that was struggling , and an excess of large bank loans  not be liquidated  eventually caused the collapse of market in 1929 in America. -- not parallel
D. Among the many  causes of the market  that collapsed in 1929 in America were low wages, the proliferation of debt, the struggle in the agricultural sector and an excess of large bank loans that could not be liquidated.  -- Cause should not be of market, rather of collapse. 
E. The many causes of the eventual market collapse in 1929 in America were the low wages, debt proliferation, a struggle of agricultural sector, and an excess of  unliquidated  large bank loans.  -- same as B

So, answer is  A

vishumangal · Answer

Could anyone please help me with the Question.
I am not able to figure out how the elements are parallel in A
In A we have : Noun, Noun phrase/Prepositional phrase, a Noun Phrase and a clause.
I suppose the Noun phrases cannot be parallel to clauses.

My doubt even become more sure when I saw the below question in which egamt expert has told that last element in the list is not parallel the how can they say the element is parallel in A

NiftyNiffler · Answer

vishumangal Nouns can still be parallel with noun phrases. Noun phrases are nothing but Nouns with fluff

vishumangal · Answer

Please see the below Question and then the explanation from egmat expert https://gmatclub.com/forum/citing-incre ... 42704.html

joseph345 · Answer

Can someone please explain what the issue with "an excess of unliquidated large bank loans" is? Is there a rule such that "unliquidated" have to be right before "loans"?

vv65 · Answer

It's about meaning more than grammar.
B changes the meaning from the original sentence.

'unliquidated large bank loans' means loans that WERE not liquidated

'WERE NOT liquidated' is not the same as 'COULD NOT BE liquidated'

'WERE NOT LIQUIDATED' does not imply anything about the possibility of non-liquidation. Maybe it was possible.

'COULD NOT BE LIQUIDATED' implies that liquidation was not possible.

For another example, try to think of the difference between 'work I DID not do' and 'work I COULD not do'

Hope this helps

Posted from my mobile device

piyushluniya · Answer

Hi  vishumangal 
A noun and noun phrase can be parallel.
While checking parallelism, you need to keep in mind what comes after the parallel marker or if it is a list, then what comes after every comma and parallel marker.
Anyways, looking at this question lets see what are the elements of the list:
1. low wages
2. the proliferation of debt
3. a struggling agricultural sector,
4. an excess of large bank loans that could not be liquidated.

As we can see, all the elements of the list start with a noun. hence the list is parallel.

In the example that you had shared (citing increasing worker mobility .....), in Choice A, the list are not parallel.
The 3rd element is not a noun. that is a verb-ing trying to act as a modifier, but doesn't fit the sentence and even if it fits then we will have a list connector between citing and finding but no connector between "increasing worker mobility between companies" and "poor financial planning by workers" (both of which are noun here).

Hope this helps.

Don't forget to give a thumbs up it it does help

himanshu0123 · Answer

just a side question from a similar topic which was locked
https://gmatclub.com/forum/citing-incre ... 42704.html

''The authors of a study, citing the increase of wages.....''

v/s

'The authors of a study citing....''
( can 'citing' jump over preposition to modify 'authors')

will there be any difference b/w the two sentences above?

ExpertsGlobal5 · Answer

Hello  himanshu0123 ,

We hope this finds you well.

To answer your query, in the first construction, the inclusion of the comma makes the present participle ("verb+ing" - "citing" in this case) act upon the entirety of the preceding clause, meaning that the subject of the clause takes the action of "citing".

In the second construction, "citing" acts directly on the preceding clause "study".

We hope this helps.
All the best!
Experts' Global Team

summerbummer · Answer

Dear Experts,

Unable to understand why B is the correct option. Request you to please share your insights?

Among the many causes of the eventual market collapse in 1929 in

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Among the many causes of the eventual market collapse in 1929 in

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