Like many ectotherms a term formerly used to describe cold-blooded an

Question

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Like many ectotherms, a term formerly used to describe cold-blooded animals,  some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy for speeding up egg hatching, for larval development, and metamorphosis  before the pond dries up.

A) some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy for speeding up egg hatching, for larval development, and metamorphosis

B) some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, expressly relying on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

C) some frog species laying their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and expressly relying on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

D) some frog species’ eggs are laid in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

E) some frog species that lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles expressly rely on its energy for speeding up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

generis · Answer

OFFICIAL EXPLANATION

Project SC Butler: Sentence Correction (SC1)

THE PROMPT

THE OPTIONS  
The use of relying is a logical way to convey the result of frogs laying their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles. 
 
• idiom
→  for speeding up  is not idiomatic;  to speed up  is idiomatic
We rely on something   to   do something and not   for doing   something.

• EDIT: the list is not parallel
→ The three items in the list— for speeding up egg hatching, for larval development , and  metamorphosis —are not parallel.
Use the preposition for before only the first list item (preferred) or before all three items, but not before only two of three.
Original takers, your list was parallel. I was reading the OE for this question and it mentioned what you now see in this answer analysis. I edited the question.

• construction
→  and they expressly rely  is not exactly wrong, but the phrasing is not as effective as that in option B:  .
The use of  relying  is a logical way to convey the result of frogs laying their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles.
The use of comma + ___ING word is a signal in English that the verbING word may well present the result of the previous clause.

• I do not see any errors
→ 
 
• Fragment - the main clause is missing a verb. 
→  laying  should be  lay 
→  relying  should be  rely 
ELIMINATE C

• Bad comparison
→ The sentence begins with "Like many ectotherms."
Ectotherms are cold-blooded animals. 
Ectotherms cannot be logically compared with frog species’  eggs .

• voice shift
→ on the GMAT, do not shift in mid-sentence from active to passive voice or from passive to active voice.
The sentence begins in passive voice ( eggs are laid ), shifts gears, and ends in active voice ( they rely )
This issue is one of construction and style. Keep the voice consistent: all passive or all active.

• pronoun issue
→ does  they  refer to  eggs  (probably) or  ectotherms  (more logical)?
I would not eliminate this option based only on this issue. True pronoun ambiguity is fairly rare on the GMAT.
But the lack of clarity could be a tie-breaker, if option D were a contender for "last two options standing." 
ELIMINATE D
 
• missing antecedent
→ the pronoun  its  has no antecedent. No sun is mentioned.

• idiom
→  for speeding up  is not idiomatic;  to speed up  is idiomatic
We rely on something   to   do something and not   for doing   something.

The answer is B.

COMMENTS

Most of these explanations include some very astute and subtle analysis.

Good looking out!
Stay safe, everyone.

zhanbo · Answer

My answer is  (B) . It took me 02:18.

(A) should be "rely on the sun's energy  to  "
I did not notice this split "for VS. to“ right away, and spent too much time comparing two structures: "and + IC" in (A) VS. "Present participle phrase as modifier" in (B). Both should be all right.

(B) It correctly uses "rely on the sun's energy  to  "

(C) Fragment because there is no main verb.

(D) Apple VS. Apple comparison: We cannot compare "eggs" with "many ectotherms = animals".

(E) No antecedent for "its". All the nouns are plural.

winterschool · Answer

Like many ectotherms, a term formerly used to describe cold-blooded animals, some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy for speeding up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis before the pond dries up.

A) some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles,  and they expressly rely  on the sun’s energy  for speeding  up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis  Incorrect

for speeding wrong, infinitive form correct
they indicates some frog species, i think their eggs rely on sun’s energy

B)  some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, expressly relying on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis   Correct

C)  some frog species  laying their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles,  and expressly relying  on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis  Incorrect

some frog species relying on the sun’s energy ....... - it sounds wrong

D) some frog species’  eggs  are laid in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis  Incorrect

comparison error - ectotherms compare with eggs

E)  some frog species  that lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles expressly  rely on its energy  for speeding up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis  Incorrect

some frog species rely its energy ....... - it sounds wrong
its refers to what?

sumitkrocks · Answer

Like many ectotherms, a term formerly used to describe cold-blooded animals,   some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy for speeding up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis   before the pond dries up.

A) some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy   for speeding up egg hatching ,  larval development, and metamorphosis

Two ICs are connected well with the use of connector "and", sentence is parallel and use of speeding up is little clumsy

B)  some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, expressly relying on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

The sentence is gametically correct, and beautifully connects the Ving phrase with the preceding IC maintaining the parallelism 
Also rely on to do x is better suited here as relying on for some purpose and when there is some explicit purpose it is better to use "to" over "for "

B/w A and B- i think B is more concise and connects the intent and meaning well

C)  some frog species laying their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles,  and expressly relying on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

No verb for main subject

D)  some frog species ’ eggs are laid in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

Passive sentence and pronoun has no noun

E) some frog species that lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles expressly rely on  its  energy for speeding up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

Meaning changed + pronoun issue

B should be the right choice

carouselambra · Answer

IMO B

Like many ectotherms, a term formerly used to describe cold-blooded animals, some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy for speeding up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis before the pond dries up.

A) some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy  for  speeding up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis
A vs B - very tough one and I couldn't really spot any major error. (B) was concise. Verb-ing modifier's usage is absolutely correct.

B) some frog species  lay  their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles,  expressly relying on  the sun’s energy  to speed up  egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis
Correct.

C) some frog species  laying their eggs  in sunlit ponds or puddles, and  expressly relying  on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

D) some frog  species’ eggs are laid in  sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely  on  the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

E) some frog species that lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles expressly rely on  its  energy for speeding up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

TarunKumar1234 · Answer

Like many ectotherms, a term formerly used to describe cold-blooded animals, some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy for speeding up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis before the pond dries up.

A) some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy [color=#ed1c24]for speeding up egg hatching,[/color] larval development, and metamorphosis

Two ICs are connected well with the use of connector "and", sentence is parallel and use of speeding up is little clumsy

B) some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, expressly relying on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

The sentence is gametically correct, and beautifully connects the Ving phrase with the preceding IC maintaining the parallelism
Also rely on to do x is better suited here as relying on for some purpose and when there is some explicit purpose it is better to use "to" over "for "

B/w A and B- i think B is more concise and connects the intent and meaning well

C) some frog species laying their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and expressly relying on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

No verb for main subject

D) some frog species’ eggs are laid in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

Passive sentence and pronoun has no noun

E) some frog species that lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles expressly rely on its energy for speeding up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

Meaning changed + pronoun issue

B should be the right choice

RajatJ79 · Answer

Like many ectotherms, a term formerly used to describe cold-blooded animals,  some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy for speeding up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis  before the pond dries up.

Pre-thinking : check for Parallel structure

A) some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles,  and they  expressly rely on the sun’s energy  for speeding up  egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis
 'and they expressly rely' refers to the frog species. A better way to refer to the subject would be to drop 'they'
'to speed up' is better than using 'for speeding up '

B) some frog species lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles,   expressly relying   on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis
'expressly replying' correctly modifies the phrase 'some frog species ...'

C) some frog species  laying their eggs in  sunlit ponds or puddles, and  expressly relying  on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis
 'some frog species ... relying on' is incorrect.

D)  some frog species’ eggs are laid  in sunlit ponds or puddles, and they expressly rely on the sun’s energy to speed up egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis
 Passive voice used in the phrase 'some frog species' whereas rest of the sentence is in Active voice.

E) some frog species that lay their eggs in sunlit ponds or puddles expressly rely on its energy  for speeding up  egg hatching, larval development, and metamorphosis

IMO answer should be Option B.

generis · Answer

The official explanation is  here .

Like many ectotherms a term formerly used to describe cold-blooded an

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GMAT Sentence Correction (SC - EA only) Questions

Like many ectotherms a term formerly used to describe cold-blooded an

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615 to 715 in 15 Days (Ria's Strategies)

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