Short & sweet SC's can be very confusing. We have the entire thing underlined, so let's jump in and
identify differences. ^.^
We see
'big dog' versus
'large dog' versus
'dog' - cannot distinguish based on that.
We see
'a dog' versus
'the...dog' versus
'dog' - now we can think about this. Usually, you'd want to see your
subject preceded by an article (a, an, the). It helps us correctly write a sentence by pointing out the particular subject of our interest. Whereas no articles (a, an, the) make our sentence weaker by creating ambiguity in the logic and meaning.
With that in mind, let's now analyze the
make-or-break for questions of this type -
the relation of what comes after the comma to the subject. Most questions in GMAT test you on how correctly you can identify the subject and ensure that the
sentence logically always points to the subject of choice.
Here, our subject could be
John (John was bitten) or
the dog (the large/big dog). But it is the
description of the dog, given as 'paws are black and white' that helps us see whether an option is
incorrectly placing this description to the wrong subject. Let's look at Option A to clarify what this means.
Option ARewrite: The X bit Y, + description...
The placement of this description almost makes it
seem like the description is for John. However, we are not told that John is a dog and cannot assume that this description is for John. Logically, the description of white & black paws should belong to the dog. But this option attributes the description to John.
Eliminate A-
Option BRewrite: Some X + description bit Y.
The
lack of articles creates a vague option here. We
could come back to this option IN THE CASE that our other options also carry logical issues, but for now, we
need to eliminate this option because of the vagueness attached to
'big dog'.
Eliminate B-
Option CRewrite: The x +description bit Y.
Refers to a particular dog by usage of an article. Correctly attributes the description to the dog. Therefore, we already see this option as a
better alternative to B (in case you were confused about keeping or removing B).
KEEP C-
Option DRewrite: Y was bitten by X (description).
Again, correct attribution of description to a dog. The
only difference between C & D is that D is passive voice - referring to the person affected by an action as the subject rather than the person doing the action. Passive voice isn't a wrong way to pen down a sentence, so let's let this sentence be for now. We'll come back to
compare C & D. KEEP D-
Option ERewrite: The X bit Y, description.
We see how the description of black & white paws is yet
again attributed to John instead of the dog. Therefore, this choice is logically wrong.
Eliminate E.------
Now, we're left with
C & D. After careful evaluation, we notice that
neither of the two is incorrect in logic, form, or structure - it paints a clear picture of a dog with black & white paws biting John, regardless of attributing the 'large' to the dog. However, this is where we have to paint
a clear distinction between active and passive form.
GMAT helps to train you for your future in the business field, and all sections test you on that. As part of the corporate world, individuals are expected to
communicate in logically sound and coherent sentences for direct and effective communication. When we compare
active to passive, the latter is an
indirect way of communicating what the former communicates.
For instance,
"I took a shower" would be
more direct compared to
"the shower was taken by me".
Simply by that logic, we can
eliminate D, which is written in passive voice, and
keep C, which is in active voice.
-
Therefore, our answer is C.