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18 Feb 2019, 05:14
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A
Be sure to select an answer first to save it in the Error Log before revealing the correct answer (OA)!
Difficulty:
55%
(hard)
Question Stats:
64% (02:05) correct
36%
(02:16)
wrong
based on 636
sessions
History
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Theorist: To be capable of planned locomotion, an organism must be able both to form an internal representation of its environment and to send messages to its muscles to control movements. Such an organism must therefore have a central nervous system. Thus, an organism incapable of planned locomotion does not have a central nervous system.
The theorist's argument is flawed in that it
(A) confuses a necessary condition for an organism's possessing a capacity with a sufficient one
(B) takes for granted that organisms capable of sending messages from their central nervous systems to their muscles are also capable of locomotion
(C) presumes, without providing justification, that planned locomotion is the only biologically useful purpose for an organism's forming an internal representation of its environment
(D) takes for granted that adaptations that serve a biologically useful purpose originally came about for that purpose
(E) presumes, without providing justification, that an internal representation of its environment can be formed by an organism with even a rudimentary nervous system
The theorist's argument is flawed in that it
(A) confuses a necessary condition for an organism's possessing a capacity with a sufficient one
(B) takes for granted that organisms capable of sending messages from their central nervous systems to their muscles are also capable of locomotion
(C) presumes, without providing justification, that planned locomotion is the only biologically useful purpose for an organism's forming an internal representation of its environment
(D) takes for granted that adaptations that serve a biologically useful purpose originally came about for that purpose
(E) presumes, without providing justification, that an internal representation of its environment can be formed by an organism with even a rudimentary nervous system
cristianosubo
Joined: 14 Jan 2018
Last visit: 20 Oct 2020
Posts: 29
Given Kudos: 147
Status:Victory is never a one time thing.
Location: Oman
Concentration: Marketing, Entrepreneurship
Schools: Desautels '22 Rotman '22 (S) Schulich "22 (I)
GMAT 1: 590 Q49 V21
GMAT 2: 650 Q47 V33
GPA: 3.8
02 Mar 2019, 22:45
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akanshaxo
IMO A.
This argument deals majorly with Conditional Reasoning. The Central Nervous System is a necessary condition for Planned Locomotion (which is the sufficient condition). This can be further visualised that PL can happen only in the presence of a CN system and that presence of CN system alone does not guarantee the happening of PL (probably because CN system might be one among the many necessary ingredients for a successful PL)
Now when the argument concludes that an organsim incapable of PL does not have a CN system, the argument has actually twisted the whole conditional Reasoning concept i.e confuses a necessary condition with a sufficient one.
Hope the explanation helps.
Thanks in advance for your kudo's. Feel free to reply in case further clarification is required
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General Discussion
26 Feb 2019, 01:51
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Option A is correct as the author assumes that if organism is incapable of locomotion it is due to absence of a central nervous system. But as mentioned there are 2 requirements to be fulfilled in order for locomotion to work. So if internal representation of its environment does not happen, even then locomotion would not work.
Posted from my mobile device
Posted from my mobile device
