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21 Dec 2019, 03:00
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Difficulty:
75%
(hard)
Question Stats:
55% (01:59) correct
45%
(02:06)
wrong
based on 296
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A recent survey by the economics department of an Ivy League university revealed that increases in the salaries of preachers are accompanied by increases in the nationwide average of rum consumption. From 1965 to 1970 preachers’ salaries increased on the average of 15% and rum sales grew by 14.5%. From 1970 to 1975 average preachers’ salaries rose by 17% and rum sales by 17.5%. From 1975 to 1980 rum sales expanded by only 8% and average preachers’ salaries also grew by only 8%.
Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the findings cited in the paragraph?
(A) When preachers have more disposable income, they tend to allocate that extra money to alcohol.
(B) When preachers are paid more, they preach longer; and longer sermons tend to drive people to drink.
(C) Since there were more preachers in the country, there were also more people; and a larger population will consume greater quantities of liquor.
(D) The general standard of living increased from 1965 to 1980, which accounts for both the increase in rum consumption and preachers’ average salaries.
(E) A consortium of rum importers carefully limited the increases in imports of rum during the test period cited.
Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the findings cited in the paragraph?
(A) When preachers have more disposable income, they tend to allocate that extra money to alcohol.
(B) When preachers are paid more, they preach longer; and longer sermons tend to drive people to drink.
(C) Since there were more preachers in the country, there were also more people; and a larger population will consume greater quantities of liquor.
(D) The general standard of living increased from 1965 to 1980, which accounts for both the increase in rum consumption and preachers’ average salaries.
(E) A consortium of rum importers carefully limited the increases in imports of rum during the test period cited.
Source: Master GMAT
DinoPen
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21 Dec 2019, 07:18
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SajjadAhmad
I said B. (This answer was hilarious to me)
Notes:
Run consumption is correlated with salary increase of preacher
A: There are simply not enough preachers to sway the volume of rum consumption. (Not mention of number of preachers)
C: Number of preachers is not mentioned
D: Standard of living is not mentioned
E: Limiting rum imports does not explain why preacher salaries increase
23 Dec 2019, 13:24
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Official Explanation
You must always be careful of naked correlations. Sufficient research would probably turn up some sort of correlation between the length of skirts and the number of potatoes produced by Idaho, but such a correlation is obviously worthless. Here, too, the two numbers are completely unrelated to one another at any concrete causeand-effect level.
What joins them is the very general movement of the economy. The standard of living increases; so, too, does the average salary of a preacher, the number of vacations taken by factory workers, the consumption of beef, the number of color televisions, and the consumption of rum. (D) correctly points out that these two are probably connected only this way.
(A) is incorrect for it is inconceivable that preachers, a small portion of the population, could account for so large an increase in rum consumption.
(B) is wildly implausible.
(C), however, is more likely. It strives for that level of generality of correlation achieved by (D). The difficulty with (C) is that it focuses upon total preachers, not the average preacher; and the passage correlated not total income for preachers with rum consumption, but average income for preachers with consumption of rum.
(E) might be arguable if only one period had been used, but the paragraph cites three different times during which this correlation took place.
The correct answer is (D).
You must always be careful of naked correlations. Sufficient research would probably turn up some sort of correlation between the length of skirts and the number of potatoes produced by Idaho, but such a correlation is obviously worthless. Here, too, the two numbers are completely unrelated to one another at any concrete causeand-effect level.
What joins them is the very general movement of the economy. The standard of living increases; so, too, does the average salary of a preacher, the number of vacations taken by factory workers, the consumption of beef, the number of color televisions, and the consumption of rum. (D) correctly points out that these two are probably connected only this way.
(A) is incorrect for it is inconceivable that preachers, a small portion of the population, could account for so large an increase in rum consumption.
(B) is wildly implausible.
(C), however, is more likely. It strives for that level of generality of correlation achieved by (D). The difficulty with (C) is that it focuses upon total preachers, not the average preacher; and the passage correlated not total income for preachers with rum consumption, but average income for preachers with consumption of rum.
(E) might be arguable if only one period had been used, but the paragraph cites three different times during which this correlation took place.
The correct answer is (D).
