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In a country, the number of new graduates from business school who accepted positions in private industry was 6,000 in 1970 but only 3,000 in 1985. This fact shows that a smaller proportion of new business school graduates chose to work in private industry in 1985 than in 1970.

Which of the following, if true, casts most doubt on the conclusion above?

Pre-thinking: The passage is trying to trap us into making conclusion about proportions from absolute numbers of new graduates who accepted positions in private industries in two different years (1970 and 1985) while telling us nothing about the absolute number of graduates in those aforementioned years.



A. Private industry made greater efforts to recruit new business school graduates in 1985 than in 1970. -- IRRELEVANT info

B. Salaries in private industry for new business school graduates were higher in 1985 than in 1970. -- salary difference is not of concern in this passage

C. Nonprofit organizations employed a smaller number of new business school graduates in 1985 than in 1970. -- We don't know about all employment sectors to deduce about private industries from this

D. There were half as many new business school graduates in 1985 as there were in 1970. -- CORRECT, this says the no. of new graduates decreased by half in 1985 from 1970. Thus, private industries employment decrease by same 50% equates the proportion for both years. Thus, the conclusion that a smaller proportion of new business school graduates chose to work in private industry in 1985 than in 1970 is weakened.


E. Half of the new business school graduates in 1985 accepted positions in government. -- Same as C

So, answer is D
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what does proportion mean? It could be something like below: (Assuming 12k as total)

year '70 '85
pvt sec employment 6k 3k
total number of students 12k 12k

now to cast doubt on the conclusion of the argument we will need an answer choice that attacks the total number of students that constitute the proportion. Hence, D.
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In a country, the number of new graduates from business school who accepted positions in private industry was 6,000 in 1970 but only 3,000 in 1985. This fact shows that a smaller proportion of new business school graduates chose to work in private industry in 1985 than in 1970.

Which of the following, if true, casts most doubt on the conclusion above?


A. Private industry made greater efforts to recruit new business school graduates in 1985 than in 1970.

B. Salaries in private industry for new business school graduates were higher in 1985 than in 1970.

C. Nonprofit organizations employed a smaller number of new business school graduates in 1985 than in 1970.

D. There were half as many new business school graduates in 1985 as there were in 1970.

E. Half of the new business school graduates in 1985 accepted positions in government.


Very Simple took me 1:10 to find right Answer.

We have to undermine this "a smaller proportion of new business school graduates chose to work in private industry in 1985 than in 1970."


A. Private industry made greater efforts to recruit new business school graduates in 1985 than in 1970. - OUT OF SCOPE

B. Salaries in private industry for new business school graduates were higher in 1985 than in 1970. -- Its good if salaries are higher , but its NOT helping us to undermine that why small proportion of people are joining private organization - OUT

C. Nonprofit organizations employed a smaller number of new business school graduates in 1985 than in 1970. -- If only SMALLER number of new Graduates are joining NGOs then why majority is not joining Private Organization , we still cant undermine the argument -- OUT

D. There were half as many new business school graduates in 1985 as there were in 1970. - CORRECT , because number of graduates are reduced thats why number of graduates joining private organizations are also reduced, Its undermining the argument perfectly

E. Half of the new business school graduates in 1985 accepted positions in government. -- OUT of SCOPE
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