People love chocolate for its taste and health benefits, but not many are aware that chocolate can be quite toxic when fed to dogs. Oblivious to this fact, pet owners frequently feed their dogs with chocolate and soon after, rush their pets to veterinary clinics. However, over the past three years, the number of such cases has gone down drastically in Pupper Town. Clearly, pet owners in this place must have become more aware of the fact that chocolate must not be fed to dogs since____________.The passage first presents some general facts about what occurs in cases in which dogs have been fed chocolate.
It then presents a fact about Pupper Town specifically:
over the past three years, the number of such cases has gone down drastically in Pupper Town It then presents a conclusion that follows from that fact:
Clearly, pet owners in this place must have become more aware of the fact that chocolate must not be fed to dogs Then, we see the following:
since __________."In this type of context, "since" has a meaning similar to "because" and can be considered a support marker.
Accordingly, the correct answer that fills the blank must provide support for the conclusion that "pet owners in this place must have become more aware of the fact that chocolate must not be fed to dogs."
(A) nowadays there are many self-tutorials available on the internet on how to take care of petsThis choice is interesting since it could be considered a reason to believe that people have learned to take care of all kinds of pets, including dogs, since information on how to take care of pets is widely available.
At the same time, this is not a strong correct answer since it indicates only what people CAN do.
So, it doesn't clearly indicate that people in Pupper Town specifically MUST HAVE become more aware of the issues related to feeding chocolate to dogs.
So, we'll keep this choice and look for a better one.
(B) most breeds of dogs are allergic to chocolate and other products that contain cocoa extracts from which chocolate is madeThis choice provides information on why dogs get sick if they eat chocolate, but it doesn't indicate that people in Pupper Town have become aware that dogs become sick in that way.
Eliminate.
(C) any treatment provided to pets to address a disease or a condition requires expert medical intervention that cannot be provided at homeThis choice is interesting.
If people cannot treat a serious disease or condition themselves at home, then we have confirmation that the reason why there are fewer cases of dogs being rushed to clinics because of health issues related to eating chocolate isn't that people have been treating the dogs themselves.
So, by serving to eliminate that alternative possibility, this choice could provide a reason to believe that the reason for the reduction in such cases is that people have become aware that chocolate is toxic to dogs.
So, we could decide that this choice supports the conclusion.
At the same time, there's an issue with this choice, which is that the passage does not define "cases" as cases of dogs taken to clinics because they ate chocolate.
Rather, the passage mentions only "the number of such cases." So, "cases" could conceivably be simply cases of dogs that have eaten chocolate and rather than cases of dogs taken to clinics for that reason.
Thus, this choice works only if we presume that "such cases" are cases in which dogs were rushed to clinics.
So, does this choice work?
While I believe the question would be better written if it were clearer that "cases" are cases in which dogs were rushed to clinics, we can look in the passage to see what "such cases" refers to. Doing so, we see that what precedes "such cases" is "pet owners frequently feed their dogs with chocolate and soon after, rush their pets to veterinary clinics."
So, I think we can safely presume that "such cases" refers to cases in which dogs have been rushed to clinics because of health issues related to eating chocolate.
Thus, we can safely decide that choice supports the conclusion.
Keep.
(D) the number of veterinary clinics in Pupper Town has not reduced significantly over the past three yearsThis choice has no effect on the argument.
After all, regardless of how many clinics there are, dogs who get sick would still be rushed to whatever clinics are available, and the argument is about the number of "cases," not the number of cases per clinic.
So, information on the number of clinics doesn't indicate why the number of cases has decreased.
Eliminate.
(E) the number of pets in Pupper Town has not gone up significantly over the past three yearsThis choice goes in the wrong direction.
After all, if the number of pets had "gone up" AND there were fewer cases, then we'd have reason to believe that the incidence of chocolate poisoning of dogs had indeed decreased in Pupper Town. After all, in that case, there would be some reason to believe that the reason for the decrease in the number of cases was not a decrease in the number of dogs.
On the other hand, the information that the number of pets "has not gone up" doesn't help to support the conclusion since, given that information, the number of dogs could very well have decreased. In that case, a decrease in the number of dogs, rather than increased awareness, could be the reason for the decrease in cases of dogs experiencing problems related to eating chocolate.
Eliminate.
Thus, since (C) clearly supports the conclusion whereas (A) indicates only that people CAN learn about taking care of dogs but doesn't indicate that they HAVE become aware of the issues related to chocolate, we can choose (C) as correct.
Correct answer: C